# Federal Court Orders Relief Defendants Westward International Ltd. and Coucarin Holdings Ltd. to Disgorge Ill-Gotten Funds Totaling More than $1.77 Million in CFTC Binary Options Fraud Action

> CFTC release 7544-17 · 2017-04-07 · **Fraud** · ENFORCEMENT

## Key facts

- **Release number:** 7544-17
- **Release date:** 2017-04-07
- **Type:** Fraud
- **Title:** Federal Court Orders Relief Defendants Westward International Ltd. and Coucarin Holdings Ltd. to Disgorge Ill-Gotten Funds Totaling More than $1.77 Million in CFTC Binary Options Fraud Action
- **Primary source:** https://www.cftc.gov/PressRoom/PressReleases/7544-17

## What this is

CFTC enforcement actions cover derivatives + commodities + crypto fraud cases. The Commission charges market participants under the Commodity Exchange Act for spoofing, manipulation, fraud, wash trades, registration violations, and pool-operator misconduct. Most actions settle with restitution + civil money penalty + a bar/suspension.


## Citation

> US Commodity Futures Trading Commission, press release 7544-17, "Federal Court Orders Relief Defendants Westward International Ltd. and Coucarin Holdings Ltd. to Disgorge Ill-Gotten Funds Totaling More than $1.77 Million in CFTC Binary Options Fraud Action", 2017-04-07. Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-07-09 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/cftc-action/7544-17.

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