Effects of HRV Biofeedback on Autonomic Function and Nicotine Withdrawal Symptoms and Dependence in Smoking Cessation Adults
Conditions
- Heart Rate Variability, Biofeedback, Nicotine Dependence, Nicotine Withdrawal, Anxiety, Depression, Insomnia
Interventions
- BEHAVIORAL: heart rate variability biofeedback
Sponsor
National Defense Medical Center, Taiwan