# Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) in Iraq and Afghanistan: Effects and Countermeasures
> **Short Report** · 2008-02-08 · `RS22330`
## Report
- **CRS ID:** RS22330
- **Series:** Short Report
- **Publication date:** 2008-02-08
## Documents
- [PDF](https://www.everycrsreport.com/files/20080208_RS22330_bb95f1b8986918f95db5a07361dbfdd673f6afe7.pdf)
- [HTML](https://www.everycrsreport.com/files/20080208_RS22330_040eed4ccbd98bac2d6aebc728daedce120fc89b.html)
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