# CVE-2026-40492

> Vulnerability · severity: **CRITICAL** (CVSS 9.8).

## Description

SAIL is a cross-platform library for loading and saving images with support for animation, metadata, and ICC profiles. Prior to commit 36aa5c7ec8a2bb35f6fb867a1177a6f141156b02, the XWD codec resolves pixel format based on `pixmap_depth` but the byte-swap code uses `bits_per_pixel` independently. When `pixmap_depth=8` (BPP8_INDEXED, 1 byte/pixel buffer) but `bits_per_pixel=32`, the byte-swap loop accesses memory as `uint32_t*`, reading/writing 4x the allocated buffer size. This is a different vulnerability from the previously reported GHSA-3g38-x2pj-mv55 (CVE-2026-27168), which addressed `bytes_per_line` validation. Commit 36aa5c7ec8a2bb35f6fb867a1177a6f141156b02 contains a patch.

## Key facts

- **CVE ID:** CVE-2026-40492
- **Published:** 2026-04-18
- **CVSS severity:** CRITICAL
- **CVSS base score:** 9.8
- **CWE codes:** CWE-787

## Primary sources

- NIST NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40492

## Citation

> AI Analytics. CVE-2026-40492. Retrieved 2026-07-24 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/cve/CVE-2026-40492. Derived from NIST NVD. Licensed CC0.

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