# CVE-2026-41316

> Vulnerability · severity: **HIGH** (CVSS 8.1).

## Description

ERB is a templating system for Ruby. Ruby 2.7.0 (before ERB 2.2.0 was published on rubygems.org) introduced an `@_init` instance variable guard in `ERB#result` and `ERB#run` to prevent code execution when an ERB object is reconstructed via `Marshal.load` (deserialization). However, three other public methods that also evaluate `@src` via `eval()` were not given the same guard: `ERB#def_method`, `ERB#def_module`, and `ERB#def_class`. An attacker who can trigger `Marshal.load` on untrusted data in a Ruby application that has `erb` loaded can use `ERB#def_module` (zero-arg, default parameters) as a code execution sink, bypassing the `@_init` protection entirely. ERB 4.0.3.1, 4.0.4.1, 6.0.1.1, and 6.0.4 patch the issue.

## Key facts

- **CVE ID:** CVE-2026-41316
- **Published:** 2026-04-24
- **CVSS severity:** HIGH
- **CVSS base score:** 8.1
- **CWE codes:** CWE-693

## Primary sources

- NIST NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-41316

## Citation

> AI Analytics. CVE-2026-41316. Retrieved 2026-07-11 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/cve/CVE-2026-41316. Derived from NIST NVD. Licensed CC0.

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