Defendants sold 672 parts or components for motor vehicles that bypass, defeat, or render inoperative elements of design installed by the original motor vehicle manufacturers to comply with Clean Air Act emission standards. Defendants knew or should have known that the parts or components they were offering for sale were being put to use as defeat devices. They also failed to comply with an information
request EPA sent them multiple times.
Default Judgment and Permanent Injunction entered on March 31, 2026.