# Spinal Circuits for the Control of Dextrous Movement

> **NIH NIH U19** · SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES · 2020 · $2,840,384

## Abstract

Project Summary: Overall
Local networks within the spinal cord represent an essential computational layer for the control of limb-driven
motor behaviors, integrating descending and sensory inputs to coordinate dexterous motor output. Significant
advances have been made in characterizing the developmental programs that specify the core cardinal
interneuron types that make up these motor networks. This knowledge has been used to develop a battery of
mouse genetic reagents for spinal circuit anatomical and functional dissection. To date, these genetic tools have
been primarily used to study locomotion and spinal reflexes in the lumbar spinal cord. Given the wider range of
dexterous motor behaviors that are produced by cervical circuits and the increased oversight of these behaviors
by descending motor pathways, the mouse cervical spinal cord provides a unique and tractable mammalian
model system for understanding how coordinated movements are generated by local motor networks and how
these motor behaviors are regulated by the brain. The overall goal of this U19 Team-Research BRAIN Circuit
Program proposal is two-fold: 1) the generation of a scalable, high-resolution atlas of forelimb-premotor
interneurons in the cervical spinal cord that describes their connectivity, molecular phenotypes,
electrophysiological properties, and functional contributions to forelimb behaviors, and 2) the development of
testable predictive neural models that describe the network interactions that give rise to limb control. The
functional interrogation and modeling of these circuits, based on real behavioral outcomes and detailed
information about the cell types that generate these behaviors, will ensure that the overall project is greater than
the sum of its parts. Specifically, the research plan will address two overarching questions: 1) How do rhythmic
spinal networks control non-rhythmic movements, which represent the majority of forelimb motor behaviors, and
2) How are these spinal circuits modified to control more complex joint movements to achieve forelimb dexterity?
To address these questions, the Spinal Cord Circuit Team (TeamSCC) will generate: (a) a pre-motor
interneuron connectome that includes information on cell positions and synaptic weightings, (b) a
comprehensive index of the physiological properties and molecular identities of genetically distinct neuronal
subtypes within each cardinal interneuron class, (c) a functional description of spinal circuit control of natural
forelimb motor behaviors, and (d) a working model of the motor network that describes how circuit connectivity
and dynamics give rise to key elements of forelimb behavior. Ultimately, these data will be used to generate a
searchable web-based portal with 3D visualization tools linked to the molecular, electrophysiological, functional,
and network model databases. Together, this work will lead to a deeper understanding of the organization and
function of cervical circuitry, which will be of ...

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 10011906
- **Project number:** 5U19NS112959-02
- **Recipient organization:** SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES
- **Principal Investigator:** Martyn D Goulding
- **Activity code:** U19 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2020
- **Award amount:** $2,840,384
- **Award type:** 5
- **Project period:** 2019-09-15 → 2024-06-30

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10011906

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 10011906, Spinal Circuits for the Control of Dextrous Movement (5U19NS112959-02). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-23 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/10011906. Licensed CC0.

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