# Development of a High Throughput Method for Vitrification

> **NIH NIH R43** · TISSUE TESTING TECHNOLOGIES, LLC · 2020 · $275,302

## Abstract

ABSTRACT:
In an effort to reduce the use of animals for toxicity testing, companies have developed bioengineered in vitro
skin models and other human tissue constructs for predictive toxicity testing to replace traditional assays such
as the Draize skin irritation test and also for use as preclinical animal models. Presently, tissues or skin
constructs are made-to-order and require a lead time of several weeks before they can be used. Quality control
checks are conducted post shipment creating serious recall liabilities for the manufacturer. The ability to
cryopreserve tissue models would solve key logistical issues creating “on-demand” banks of tissues which can
be prescreened to ensure quality control. This would create economies of manufacturing scale and reduce
costs to manufacturers and end users. We have developed a patented ice-free vitrification method for
cryopreservation of bioengineered skin constructs. Using this patented process, we have consistently
demonstrated >80% viability of several types of human bioengineered epithelial constructs. These viability
results persisted for several days post-rewarming and both viability and functional assessments meet the
manufacturer's acceptance criteria for use in toxicology tests. However, a limiting factor for preservation at
larger scale is the ability to vitrify multiple constructs at one time. Our current method allows for processing of
up to 6-12 constructs at one time. Processing of more than 12 results in reduce viability due to cytotoxicity from
exposure to cryoprotectants for too long. In this Phase I, proposal we plan to test the feasibility of using a
specially designed cassette that can hold up to 24 constructs at once. The cassette would allow preservation of
multiple constructs streamlining the vitrification process while removing variation between constructs due to
operator error. The outcome will be measured by assessment of tissue viability and functional assays required
by manufacturers for quality control. The success of this proposal will be inline with our company goal of
commercializing our vitrification process by storing on-demand human bioengineered tissues for distribution to
customers for drug or chemical screening and research applications. After demonstration of feasibility in Phase
I, we will submit a Phase II proposal with the primary objective of custom development of a fully automated
robotic sample handling system for construct cryopreservation and removal of cryoprotectants prior to use for
predictive toxicity testing.

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 10019053
- **Project number:** 1R43TR003258-01
- **Recipient organization:** TISSUE TESTING TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
- **Principal Investigator:** LIA H CAMPBELL
- **Activity code:** R43 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2020
- **Award amount:** $275,302
- **Award type:** 1
- **Project period:** 2020-04-01 → 2021-12-31

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10019053

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 10019053, Development of a High Throughput Method for Vitrification (1R43TR003258-01). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-24 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/10019053. Licensed CC0.

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