# Acceptability of Sustained-Release Antiretrovirals for Treatment in the US and sub-Saharan Africa

> **NIH NIH R01** · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · 2020 · $441,832

## Abstract

Project Summary
In 2017, UNAIDS estimated that 23% of diagnosed persons living with HIV (PLWH) were not accessing
antiretroviral therapy (ART), and 18% of PLWH taking ART had unsuppressed viral loads. The development of
sustained-release or long-acting injectable antiretroviral therapy (LAI ART) is an important technological
advance that could increase ART uptake and adherence by providing new options to support viral load
suppression. Research is urgently needed to understand factors that will drive end-user acceptability, so that
developers can iteratively formulate more desirable products and funders can identify and prioritize the
products most likely to have high uptake and sustained use. This proposal has the following aims: (1) To
design and pilot test a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to identify product and delivery attributes related to
LAI ART acceptability among patients in the United States (US), based on our prior work and key informant
interviews; (2) To recruit 200 ART naïve-individuals and 500 ART-experienced individuals in Seattle and
Atlanta for a DCE to estimate LAI ART product preferences and identify patient characteristics associated with
acceptability among these two key potential end-user groups; and (3) To design and pilot test a similar DCE
instrument for use in Kenya, then recruit 200 ART naïve-individuals and 500 ART-experienced individuals in
Nairobi to learn about patient preferences in the region most impacted by the HIV epidemic. Innovations in the
proposed research include a focus on novel LAI ART products in development, inclusion of two patient
perspectives (i.e., those just starting treatment and those considering a switch), and exploration of how
individual characteristics including prior ART adherence and treatment outcomes influence patient preferences.
Our multidisciplinary team includes clinical researchers, behavioral scientists, and health economists with
expertise in DCE design and modeling from the University of Washington (UW), RTI International, and Emory
University in the US, and from Kenyatta National Hospital in Kenya. The proposed work will take place at two
AIDS Clinical Trials Group clinical research sites in the US (i.e., the UW AIDS Clinical Trials Unit in Seattle and
the Ponce de Leon Center in Atlanta), and at two HIV clinics within Kenyatta National Hospital in Nairobi, which
has been a site for collaborative research with the UW’s Kenya Research and Training Program for over 25
years. Supported by preliminary studies conducted as part of an ongoing UM1 project to develop LAI ART
(AI120176, Ho/Collier, NIAID Targeted Long-Acting Combination Antiretroviral Therapy), the proposed work
will advance LAI ART product development efforts by providing key estimates of acceptability and patient
preferences, enabling funders, product developers, and policy makers to optimize products for the greatest
likelihood of uptake, adherence, and long-term viral suppression.

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 10020441
- **Project number:** 5R01MH121424-02
- **Recipient organization:** UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
- **Principal Investigator:** Susan Marie Graham
- **Activity code:** R01 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2020
- **Award amount:** $441,832
- **Award type:** 5
- **Project period:** 2019-09-17 → 2024-07-31

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10020441

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 10020441, Acceptability of Sustained-Release Antiretrovirals for Treatment in the US and sub-Saharan Africa (5R01MH121424-02). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-22 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/10020441. Licensed CC0.

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