# Project 3: Targeting Pro-fibrotic E3 Ligases in Systemic Sclerosis

> **NIH NIH P50** · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · 2020 · $223,134

## Abstract

ABSTRACT Project #3: Ubiquitin E3 ligases in SSc 
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a progressive multi-organ system fibrotic disorder associated with 
autoimmunity. The leading causes of SSc-related death are pulmonary hypertension (PAH) and 
interstitial lung disease (ILD). PAH affects 10-15% of SSc patients. The prevalence of ILD varies 
from 40 to 65% in cohort studies. SSc-ILD is the subject of CORT Project #3. Common to many of 
the SSc disease phenotypes, include the skin and the lung, is the observation that fibroblasts, the 
principal effector cells of fibrosis, assume the contractile myofibroblast phenotype, synthesize matrix, 
and exhibit a pathologically increased lifespan. A traditional approach to discover novel genes 
involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis has been to perform genome-wide screening to 
uncover dysregulated RNA species that may be involved in the pathogenesis of disease. However, 
this approach may miss the critical role of proteins that are NOT regulated at the level of 
transcription but rather through protein degradation, particularly through the ubiquitin-proteasome 
system (UPS) mediated by ubiquitin E3 enzymes. Our recent studies using a large number of 
idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and SSc lung samples have uncovered an array of several, 
previously unsuspected, molecular targets. In particular, we have identified two highly novel pro- 
fibrotic signaling pathways in SSc fibroblasts: First is the loss of a new collagen 1 gene repressor, E2 
transcriptional factor 8 (E2F8) by a ubiquitin E3 ligase, Fbxo16. This ultimately leads to increased 
collagen synthesis in SSc fibroblasts. The second is a new protein isoform, termed FIEL1 (Fibrosis- 
Inducing E3 Ligase 1), which potently stimulates the central pro-fibrotic cytokine, TGFβ, signaling 
pathway through the site-specific ubiquitination and degradation of the TGFβ inhibitor PIAS4. Further, 
we have developed a first-in-class small molecule inhibitor towards FIEL1 that is highly effective in 
ameliorating fibrosis in mice. Thus, we hypothesize that dysregulation of members of E3 
ubiquitin ligase system drives the fibrotic phenotype in SSc. In this project, we propose to 
screen SSc-ILD lungs and lung fibroblasts derived from SSc-ILD lungs for dysregulated expression of 
members of the SCF- and HECT-domain ubiquitin E3 ligases and to assay their function in mediating 
the pathologic myofibroblast phenotype. We will then design small molecule inhibitors for these E3 
ligases and test them for effectiveness in animal models of lung fibrosis as well as our unique ex vivo 
diseased human lung perfusion and culture systems here at the University of Pittsburgh. These 
proposed studies will help us discover a new set of potentially druggable targets underlying the 
pathobiology of fibrotic pathways in SSc. These studies will provide a fundamental platform for a 
unique and potentially transformative initiative in SSc-ILD. Our project will interact very cl...

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 10022111
- **Project number:** 5P50AR060780-09
- **Recipient organization:** UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
- **Principal Investigator:** Rama K Mallampalli
- **Activity code:** P50 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2020
- **Award amount:** $223,134
- **Award type:** 5
- **Project period:** 2011-09-01 → 2022-08-31

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10022111

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 10022111, Project 3: Targeting Pro-fibrotic E3 Ligases in Systemic Sclerosis (5P50AR060780-09). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-23 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/10022111. Licensed CC0.

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