PROJECT SUMMARY This application is for an R25 to fund “Training in Cardiovascular Sciences for Under Represented Students (CURS)” a Short-Term Research Education Program to Increase Diversity in Health-Related Research (R25 Clinical Trial Not Allowed) through the RFA-HL-19-024 mechanism. CURS will be modeled after Columbia University's highly successful NINDS funded SPURS Program which has provided an intense undergraduate research experience focusing on neuroscience on the campus of Columbia's College of Physicians & Surgeons (P&S) for talented students from backgrounds that are under-represented in biomedical research for the past 17 years. CURS will use this highly successful model and to train underrepresented students in cardiovascular sciences. In the past SPURS participants have been accepted primarily from the City University of New York (CUNY) senior colleges, including Hunter, Brooklyn, Queens, and City Colleges, though in recent years we have extended our outreach and have accepted applications nationwide. Examples of recent institutions SPURS has drawn underrepresented students from include Columbia University, Barnard College, New York University, Harvard University, University of California, Berkeley, and Amherst College. CURS will provide extensive training in basic science research, and enhance the likelihood that the students will achieve a career in science by pursuing an advanced degree (M.D. and/or Ph.D.). To expand opportunities for under-represented minority undergraduate students to participate in high quality, focused and sustained research experiences in the cardiovascular sciences the PI, Dr. Andrew Marks, Department Chair of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics and founder of Columbia University's SPURS program is applying for resources to start a program that will provide training that will enhance the diversity of the pool of trainees in cardiovascular sciences using a proven model of success. The applicant pool for SPURS has grown to well over 100 each year consisting of highly qualified minority student participants. Students selected for support through NIH's R25 Summer Research Experience Programs solicitation (RFA-HL-19-024) will perform hands- on research for nine summer weeks under the mentorship of Columbia University cardiovascular faculty scientists (currently 97 Columbia University faculty receive NHLBI support). In addition to specific training in cardiovascular sciences, the students will receive in-depth training in research methodology including: (a) the design and analysis of experiments; (b) critical reading of scientific literature through journal clubs; (c) ethics in science; (d) the presentation of scientific results at laboratory meetings; (e) presentation of their research at poster sessions; (f) an oral presentation of their research to an audience of scientists; and (g) career counseling. Training will provide a uniquely enriching setting that includes weekly meetings with under- represented min...