# SpongeBot: genetically engineered cells to suppress SARS-CoV-2 and future viruses

> **NIH NIH R01** · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · 2021 · $752,435

## Abstract

SpongeBot represents a new class of genetically modified cells to address the COVID-19 pandemic, leveraging
a novel antiviral platform developed under the proposer team’s existing NIH NIBIB R01 project. This antiviral
platform facilitates rapid, targeted SpongeBot development and deployment against SARS-CoV-2, its viral
mutations, as well as entirely new viruses - providing a barrier to future viral pandemics.
SARS-CoV-2 is highly communicable and individuals can transmit the disease even prior to becoming
symptomatic, sharply increasing the rate of disease spread. During the first two weeks following infection, the
innate immune system attempts to slow down the rapidly multiplying pathogen to provide time for the adaptive
immune system to develop more specific and effective mechanisms to destroy the virus. However, in individuals
with decreased or compromised immune responses, the excessive viral load can lead to elevated inflammation,
severe tissue damage, and ultimately death.
SpongeBot, our bioengineered cell-based therapy solution, provides vital support to the body’s immune system,
through its genetically designed ability to sequester and destroy SARS-CoV-2 viral particles at sites of injury, in
addition to attenuation of the immune system’s hyperinflammatory response to the virus. Administering
SpongeBot cells to an infected individual reduces and keeps viral load below dangerous thresholds, prevents
harmful hyperinflammation, and provides the adaptive immune system the time required to mount an effective
defense against the virus.
SpongeBot can be administered prophylactically to at-risk populations (e.g., healthcare workers, the elderly, or
immunocompromised individuals), or therapeutically at any stage during the course of viral infection. Importantly,
SpongeBot therapy is extremely safe; the base technology has a long proven clinical safety track record. Unlike
the lengthy development times necessary for vaccines or antiviral medications, a targeted SpongeBot therapy
against a predicted virus can be placed in clinical trials immediately. SpongeBot development for a novel virus
would be ready for deployment in only about 12 weeks.

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 10186867
- **Project number:** 3R01EB025854-03S1
- **Recipient organization:** MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
- **Principal Investigator:** Darrell J Irvine
- **Activity code:** R01 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2021
- **Award amount:** $752,435
- **Award type:** 3
- **Project period:** 2020-12-19 → 2022-12-18

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10186867

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 10186867, SpongeBot: genetically engineered cells to suppress SARS-CoV-2 and future viruses (3R01EB025854-03S1). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-25 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/10186867. Licensed CC0.

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