# Increasing Colorectal Cancer Screening in Alaska Native Men

> **NIH NIH R21** · WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY · 2021 · $169,317

## Abstract

ABSTRACT
Alaska Native men have higher colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality than any other US racial or
ethnic group. Screening can prevent CRC and improve treatment outcomes by detecting disease in early stages,
but Alaska Native men also have low CRC screening uptake. Colonoscopy is the most accurate CRC screening
method and results in the most years of life saved. It only requires rescreening every 10 years, but it is a clinic-
based procedure and needs extensive preparation. Other screening options include home-based tests that
detect blood in the stool and require rescreening every year. More recently, a home-based method has been
developed that tests stool for DNA indicative of CRC and requires rescreening every 3 years. Current guidelines
recommend CRC screening for average risk adults starting between ages 45-50, but people at higher risk should
start at younger ages. Many interventions have been developed to promote CRC screening. Among these,
interventions that use text messaging or other electronic health messages to reach people outside of the clinical
setting have shown promise for improving CRC screening. In a previous study, our research team developed an
intervention that sends up to 3 text messages to Alaska Native people patients of the Southcentral Foundation
(SCF) healthcare system in Anchorage, Alaska. We tested the intervention in a randomized controlled trial with
2,386 Alaska Native SCF patients ages 40-75. The intervention increased CRC screening by 50% in women,
but it had no effect in men. In the current implementation study, we propose a theory-based approach to culturally
tailor the existing text message intervention for Alaska Native men. We will use surveys and focus groups with
SCF patients, and key informant interviews with SCF healthcare providers, to assess barriers and facilitators to
optimize colorectal cancer screening in Alaska Native men. We anticipate that revisions will include changing
the content and frequency of the text messages, and promoting home-based stool DNA screening in addition to
colonoscopy. We will then test the effectiveness of the tailored intervention with 600 Alaska Native men ages
40-75 who are active patients at SCF. Eligible men will be identified from the electronic medical record and
randomized in equal proportions to the intervention or usual care control conditions. The primary outcome is
CRC screening completed within 6 months of sending the first text message. Secondary outcomes include
clinical findings and follow-up procedures associated with screening. All data will be collected from the electronic
medical record, and we will obtain a waiver of consent for direct patient recruitment. Follow-up interviews will
assess patient response to the intervention. If effective, this study has implications for increasing CRC screening
in men from other racial and ethnic minority groups who experience CRC disparities.

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 10218913
- **Project number:** 1R21NR019362-01A1
- **Recipient organization:** WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY
- **Principal Investigator:** Clemma Jacobsen Muller
- **Activity code:** R21 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2021
- **Award amount:** $169,317
- **Award type:** 1
- **Project period:** 2021-06-18 → 2023-05-31

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10218913

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 10218913, Increasing Colorectal Cancer Screening in Alaska Native Men (1R21NR019362-01A1). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-23 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/10218913. Licensed CC0.

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