# Characterization of an Ex Vivo Bioprinted Skin Model of Sulfur Mustard Injury

> **NIH NIH F30** · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · 2020 · $50,016

## Abstract

PROJECT SUMMARY
Sulfur Mustard (SM) remains a significant threat to civilian and military populations. Skin exposure to SM induces
erythema, followed by edema and large blisters in the affected area, with prolonged healing times. The sequence
and manner of cell death and detachment in this injury are still unresolved, in part due to incomplete in vitro and
preclinical models. Since the goal of an ex vivo 3D skin model is to replicate the authentic anatomy and
physiology of native skin, there is an immense need to develop bioengineered skin with multiple cell types and
appropriate physiological potential. Assessment of bioprinted skin as an ex vivo organoid (organ tissue
equivalent) has demonstrated that it maintains its layered structure for over 2 months in vitro. Assessment of
skin organoids by RNA and protein analysis demonstrate a physiological response similar to those seen in
normal human skin. These encouraging results suggest that this skin construct is recapitulating the human organ
and we propose to use the funds available through this supplement to further expand the bioprinted human skin
into a model of chemical burn injuries. We will use bioprinted skin to model exposure to the known chemical
vesicant sulfur mustard (SM), with the ultimate goal of showing the full utility of the bioprinted skin in elucidating
biochemical and pathophysiological pathways in an effort to discover biomarkers and medical countermeasures.
Based on the data we have generated to date, our central hypothesis is that ex vivo bioprinted skin will
model clinical pathological effects of exposure to the chemical vesicant sulfur mustard. The overall goal
of this supplemental proposal is to generate proof of principal data showing that the bioprinted skin will respond
to the chemical insult in a way that is consistent with the known effects of SM. Our study will validate the dose
and time of exposure for modeling the human response to SM in vitro, and will include histological, qRT-PCR,
and ELIZA analysis. These studies will focus on demonstrating that the bioprinted skin behaves in a way that is
consistent with Specific Aim 1 will characterize the pathological consequences of sulfur mustard exposure.
Specific Aim 2 will look to identify cellular pathways affected by SM induced injury. These studies will validate
the use of the bioprinted skin as a viable ex vivo model of SM toxicity which will enable high precision analysis,
including real-time monitoring and -omics to elucidate the sequence and mechanism of sulfur mustard skin
injuries. Furthermore, it suggests that the bioprinted skin can be developed into a general surrogate of human
skin pathophysiology useful in studying other types of insults. Ultimately, we believe that this system will identify
biomarkers of exposure and therapeutic efficacy, as well as serving as a useful modality to discovery and
optimize medical countermeasures for a range of chemical and biological weapons.

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 10228424
- **Project number:** 3F30AR074866-01A1S1
- **Recipient organization:** WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
- **Principal Investigator:** ADAM JORGENSEN
- **Activity code:** F30 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2020
- **Award amount:** $50,016
- **Award type:** 3
- **Project period:** 2020-09-17 → 2021-11-17

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10228424

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 10228424, Characterization of an Ex Vivo Bioprinted Skin Model of Sulfur Mustard Injury (3F30AR074866-01A1S1). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-26 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/10228424. Licensed CC0.

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