# Tuning of CaV channel dynamics by stac proteins

> **NIH NIH R01** · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · 2021 · $351,088

## Abstract

Selective degeneration of dopaminergic (DA) neurons of substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc)
is a critical event in the progression of Parkinson’s disease. These neurons are vulnerable as they
undergo autonomous pacemaking with an unusual reliance on Ca2+-influx via CaV1.3 channels.
Unlike other pacemaking neurons that remain relatively protected during PD pathogenesis, SNc
neurons have larger Ca2+-currents with blunted inactivation, thus aggravating the propensity for
Ca2+-overload. Given its central role, identifying regulatory proteins that tune Ca2+-channel
function in SNc neurons is critical. One attractive regulatory candidate is SH3 and cysteine rich
domain (stac) protein, a muscle and neuron specific protein that has emerged as a requisite
component of skeletal muscle excitation-contraction machinery and as a locus for congenital
myopathies. Even so, the neuronal functions of stac remains poorly defined, although stac2-
mutations have been linked to childhood-onset schizophrenia. Motivated by preliminary data
showing both the presence of stac in SNc neurons, and its functional role to selectively diminish
Ca2+/CaM-dependent inactivation (CDI) in heterologous systems, we here dissect the molecular
functions of stac, underlying mechanisms, and potential role in tuning SNc pacemaking, utilizing
a bevy of molecular tools and quantitative optical and electrophysiological approaches. This
project will usher in an exciting era of discovery via three specific aims. (1) How do stac isoforms
tune CaV function? We seek to develop a unified mechanistic scheme for stac regulation of
CaV1.3, by incorporating effects of alternative-splicing and RNA-editing, and by rigorous
quantification of stac effects on CDI, baseline channel activity (PO), and surface-membrane
trafficking (Nmem). (2) What are molecular determinants and mechanisms that support and refine
stac regulation of CaV1? Informed by our prior mechanistic study, we seek to elucidate the
molecular underpinnings for stac-regulation of CaV1.3 PO and Nmem and whether physiological or
pathophysiological processes may fine-tune stac modulation. (3) How does multiprong-
modulation of CaV1 by stac tune SNc pacemaking and Ca2+ signaling? Here, we elucidate whether
either downregulation or upregulation of stac2 tunes endogenous CaV1 leading to alterations in
pacemaking and action potential morphology of SNc neurons. This project promises
unprecedented progress in elucidating multifaceted mechanisms for stac regulation of CaV1, an
emerging frontier for Ca2+-channel physiology. Furthermore, this work may shed new insights into
regulatory process that sculpt Ca2+-influx via CaV1.3 into SNc neurons, an important vulnerability
for PD pathogenesis and a potentially promising therapeutic target.

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 10240611
- **Project number:** 5R01NS110672-03
- **Recipient organization:** COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
- **Principal Investigator:** Manu Ben Johny
- **Activity code:** R01 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2021
- **Award amount:** $351,088
- **Award type:** 5
- **Project period:** 2019-09-15 → 2024-08-31

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10240611

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 10240611, Tuning of CaV channel dynamics by stac proteins (5R01NS110672-03). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-22 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/10240611. Licensed CC0.

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