PROJECT SUMMARY / ABSTRACT This application, currently in the 10th year, is a competitive renewal of the “Training Program in Molecular Physiology and Clinical Mechanisms of Lung Disease”, which is implemented as a Combined Adult and Pediatrics Pulmonary Research-training program at Indiana University (CAPPRI). The program is unique in synthesizing the adult and pediatric Pulmonary Divisions to examine diseases across the lifespan. Our mission is to train exceptional MD and PhD scientists for leadership in investigative careers. In order to position the future generation for this goal, our training program (CAPPRI) is designed to enable Trainees to have a comprehensive, integrative, and formal career development experience with the goal of positioning them to become the next generation of leaders in Pulmonary and Critical Care research. The CAPPRI stresses translational science, incorporating the newest scientific platforms and didactic training integrated with cell, animal model, and human tissue research with established clinical research programs. Formal graduate school training is available through the Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute (CTSI). There are 33 Faculty Mentors and 7 Emerging Mentors from 9 Departments. The inclusion of 7 emerging mentors (EM) is to provide the continuum of mentorship and leadership development for the CAPPRI. CAPPRI is designed around selected Thematic Affinity Groups (TAGs). The five TAGs include: 1) Vascular Biology, including both adult and pediatric presentations of disease; 2) Outcomes and Health Services; 3) Airway Biology encompassing the continuum of the lifespan; 4) Inflammation, Injury and Repair; and 5) Developmental Mechanisms. For a sustainable workforce, we will use a conceptual model of academic persistence as our theoretical framework. Between 2009-2019, 22 T32 Trainees were supported, with 18 completing their training. 83.3% remain in academic medicine or related research fields. The group has published 147 peer-reviewed works. This group has been awarded 25 grants, including 8 fellowship awards, 5 career development awards, and 3 NIH R01 awards. The Trainees are highly diverse, with 50% women. All of these factors enable the Indiana University to be an ideal site for training future leaders in respiratory diseases across the lifespan.