# Administrative Supplement for 2020-2021 "Impact of COVID-19 on Language and Literacy Development of Young School-Age Dual Language Learners"

> **NIH NIH SC2** · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS SAN ANTONIO · 2021 · $75,402

## Abstract

Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States. It is estimated
that 83.6 million Americans presently have at least one form of CVD and by 2030, 40.5% of the population will
have some form of CVD, an increase of about 10% compared to 2010. Atherosclerosis, the main cause of
CVD, is a systemic, pathologic condition characterized by several structural changes of the arteries. Increased
arterial stiffness results primarily from increased collagen deposition and elastin fragmentation in the medial
layer of the arterial wall and is recognized as an independent risk factor for adverse vascular events.
Modifications of arterial structure lead to changes in arterial elasticity and viscosity, which have recently been
found to predate clinical manifestations of occlusive atherosclerotic disease. Moreover, these changes tend to
be widespread and are not limited to a single arterial bed and, as a consequence, contribute to target organ
damage. These alterations in the artery are the culmination of known and unknown vascular risk factors that
promote formation and progression of atherosclerotic lesions and may also increase the propensity for
atherosclerotic plaque rupture. Our Goal is to develop a new class of arterial biomarkers based on the
viscoelastic and nonlinear material properties of the vessel wall. These biomarkers could be used in the future
for early assessment of subclinical abnormalities in the carotid artery by providing a widely available
technology to detect ‘presymptomatic’ vascular disease to refine both CVD risk stratification and follow up for
subsequent interventions. We will use acoustic radiation force (ARF) to generate propagating waves with high
frequency bandwidth in the arterial wall. The wave motion will be analyzed with numerical dispersion methods,
which we call arterial dispersion ultrasound vibrometry (ADUV). We use these ADUV wave propagation
methods to quantitatively and noninvasively characterize the viscoelastic moduli of the in vivo artery. The
resulting methods will be applicable to a wide range of patients, because they can be implemented on many
clinical ultrasound instruments installed throughout the world. Method: We utilize acoustic radiation force
(ARF) to produce propagating waves with wide bandwidth (frequency range) in the wall of the arteries and then
measure the propagation motion with ultrafast ultrasound imaging. These measurements are made with high
temporal resolution (< 20 milliseconds). From the wave motion, we calculate the viscoelastic moduli of the
arterial wall throughout the cardiac cycle to evaluate viscoelastic properties of the artery at different blood
pressures to quantify the nonlinear behavior of the arterial wall. Specifically, we use the wave velocity
dispersion (variation of velocity with frequency) and attenuation properties of the wave modes generated using
the ARF to estimate the viscoelastic properties of the arterial wall. To this...

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 10272826
- **Project number:** 3SC2HD100362-03S1
- **Recipient organization:** UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS SAN ANTONIO
- **Principal Investigator:** Becky Hsuanhua Huang
- **Activity code:** SC2 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2021
- **Award amount:** $75,402
- **Award type:** 3
- **Project period:** 2019-05-01 → 2023-04-30

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10272826

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 10272826, Administrative Supplement for 2020-2021 "Impact of COVID-19 on Language and Literacy Development of Young School-Age Dual Language Learners" (3SC2HD100362-03S1). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-22 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/10272826. Licensed CC0.

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