PROJECT 2: PROJECT SUMMARY Physiological stress responses are among the multilevel determinants of cancer health disparities that need to be examined within the context of other SES, psychosocial, and structural factors. Project 2 will be the first to examine racial differences in HPA-axis functioning between African American/Black and white male smokers at increased risk for lung cancer morbidity and mortality by measuring acute cortisol responses to a laboratory stressor and evaluating racial disparities in daily cortisol patterns among these men in their neighborhoods and communities. Together with contextualized data on acute and chronic stress responses based on SES, psychosocial, and structural factors, Project 2 will generate novel empirical data that can be leveraged into precision strategies for lung cancer prevention through smoking cessation and other intervention approaches.