Project Summary: Microphysiological systems (MPS) comprise a number of bioengineering breakthroughs that reproduce organ architecture and function in vitro. Fueled by stem cell technologies, a broad variety of especially human models and test systems have emerged, which make relevant experimental tools broadly available through international and multi-disciplinary collaborations. Conference(s) (series) are a key tool to form a community and accelerate scientific developments, their implementation and global harmonization. They provide an overview on the state- of-the-art in such dynamic and diverse fields, enabling transfer learning. A global conference on MPS was identified by opinion leaders in the field as a key step forward in the maturation and harmonization of the area. More than 30 International organizations and companies have teamed up for this proposal to initiate a series of annual MPS World Summits to present the latest scientific achievements, discuss the advances and challenges, and enable communication between young and newly interested scientists and pioneers of the MPS field. The conference should be a kick-off for an International MPS Society. Bringing together the stakeholders from different areas (developers, life scientists, regulators and regulated industry) will allow us to move these breakthrough technologies faster toward reliable, standardized, validated and regulatory accepted tools in biomedical sciences. The conferences are planned for New Orleans in May 2022 (hosts Don Ingber & Thomas Hartung), Europe late 2023 (likely in Berlin hosted by Uwe Marx & Marcel Leist) and on the US west coast, late 2024, to reach out more to the Asia-Pacific region (hosted by Elaine Faustman & Thomas Neumann). Each conference will cover the broader aspects of MPS development and application to map the state of this technology and its challenges and opportunities.