# von Willebrand Factor in Traumatic Brain Injury and Associated Coagulopathy

> **NIH NIH R01** · BLOODWORKS · 2022 · $658,375

## Abstract

Project Summary
Traumatic brain injury is commonly associated with the inability of blood to clot (coagulopathy), resulting in
secondary or delayed systemic and intracranial bleeding. Substantial blood loss, hemodilution due to fluid
resuscitation, and hypothermia are the most common causes of coagulopathy associated with trauma to the
body and limbs and hemorrhagic shock. We have recently demonstrated that an injured brain releases
extracellular vesicles (EVs) into circulation. These brain‐derived EVs induce a hypercoagulable state that
quickly evolves into consumptive coagulopathy. Extracellular mitochondria (exMTs) are also released into
circulation and promote coagulation through the surface‐exposed mitochondrial phospholipid cardiolipin.
ExMts also maintain the respiratory activity to generate reactive oxygen species that activate platelets and
endothelial cells. These findings demonstrate that TBI induces consumptive coagulopathy that is
mechanistically distinct from deficient and dilutional coagulopathy associated with extracranial trauma and
hemorrhagic shock. Our recent study further implicates the adhesive ligand von Willebrand factor (VWF) for
mediating EV‐induced vascular injury and for activating platelets to propagate coagulopathy in mouse models
of traumatic brain injury. These recently findings led us to hypothesize that: 1) brain‐derived EVs released
from injured brains stimulate endothelial cells to release hyper‐adhesive VWF multimers that are not timely
and sufficiently cleaved by the enzyme ADAMTS13, 2) these hyper‐adhesive VWF multimers facilitate EV‐
induced vascular leakage and propagate EV‐induced coagulopathy, and 3) the hyper‐adhesive activity of VWF
can be selectively blocked in acute brain injury without reducing the hemostatic activity of VWF. Here, we
propose testing these hypotheses in two specific aims. The first is to study ADAMTS‐13 variants, the VWF A2
domain, and the apoptotic cell‐scavenging molecule Del‐1 for blocking the TBI‐induced hyper‐adhesive
activity of VWF to protect mice from developing traumatic brain injury‐induced coagulopathy, and to define
the underlying mechanisms of their actions in mouse models. The second is to conduct a cohort study of 120
patients with TBI and trauma controls to determine the clinical relevance of findings from the mouse study.
We will analyze patient samples to quantify VWF activity and ADAMTS‐13 cleavage as primary variables and
to define platelet activation, plasma levels of EVs and clinical coagulopathy as outcome variables. We will
associate primary variables to outcome variables through multivariate analyses to define a causal role of
hyper‐adhesive VWF in traumatic brain injury‐induced coagulopathy and to develop new markers for
predicting the coagulopathy with focus on VWF hyper‐reactivity and EV clearance. This study is an integral
part of our long‐term goal to define the systemic impact of traumatic brain injury and to study a role of the
traumatic brain injury‐...

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 10370366
- **Project number:** 5R01HL152200-03
- **Recipient organization:** BLOODWORKS
- **Principal Investigator:** Jing-Fei Dong
- **Activity code:** R01 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2022
- **Award amount:** $658,375
- **Award type:** 5
- **Project period:** 2020-04-01 → 2024-03-31

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10370366

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 10370366, von Willebrand Factor in Traumatic Brain Injury and Associated Coagulopathy (5R01HL152200-03). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-22 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/10370366. Licensed CC0.

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