# STUDIES ON INSULIN RECEPTOR ISO FORMS

> **NIH NIH R35** · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · 2021 · $135,128

## Abstract

Insulin and insulin receptor (IR) are involved in metabolism, proliferation and differentiation. In
mammals, two isoforms (IR-A and IR-B) exist due to differences in alternative splicing. Although it was
suggested in the literature that IR-A activation is “mitogenic” and IR-B activation is “metabolic”, in-depth
investigations about the biological roles of the IR isoforms are challenging due to the lack of tools to
study the individual effects. Here, we propose to develop isoform-selective insulin analogues by using a
combination of structure-guided approach and a high-throughput screening approach. These iso-form
selective analogues will be developed to research probes to dissect the roles of each IR isoform. These
tools will enable us to answer the following questions: 1) Do IR isoform mRNA levels correlate with
protein levels? 2) Could the same cell have different isoform ratio overtime to address cellular need? 3)
Does IR isoform distribution in vivo follow some type of logic? and 4) What is the role of each IR isoform
in each cell type in vivo? Research progress in this field may lead to new therapeutic strategies for
human diseases.

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 10390085
- **Project number:** 3R35GM125001-05S1
- **Recipient organization:** STANFORD UNIVERSITY
- **Principal Investigator:** Danny Hung-Chieh Chou
- **Activity code:** R35 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2021
- **Award amount:** $135,128
- **Award type:** 3
- **Project period:** 2017-09-15 → 2022-08-31

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10390085

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 10390085, STUDIES ON INSULIN RECEPTOR ISO FORMS (3R35GM125001-05S1). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-06-02 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/10390085. Licensed CC0.

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