This is a renewal application for five years of continuing support from an established T32 (AA07453) that was first funded in 1982. This application seeks continued support for three postdoctoral fellows per year. The Developmental Alcohol Research Training Program (DART) at the University of Pittsburgh has as its focus training in the investigation of alcohol use and addiction from a developmental perspective from gestation to through adulthood. This emphasis addresses the NIAAA strategic plan objective to prioritize research on alcohol use disorders as developmental in nature. The DART Program is a small, strong, and consistently productive T32 that has trained 44 postdoctoral fellows, 85% of whom are in academic or research positions. The trainees have exceptional success obtaining research funding compared to the national average. Their scholarly output addresses areas of central importance in alcohol research such as onset of alcohol use among children and ontogeny of risk factors for alcohol use disorder, long-term effects of prenatal alcohol exposure, health inequities with respect to heavy alcohol consumption and associated precursors, consequences, and treatment, effectiveness of prevention/interventions for dually-diagnosed patients, psychopharmacological efficacy in the treatment of alcohol dependence, and the relation between alcohol abuse and the natural history of AIDS. The DART Program is unique in the NIAAA training portfolio in its focus on development and the large number of resources available to trainees. The DART faculty are highly experienced, multidisciplinary, and collaborative and offer direction and mentorship in areas of high priority to NIAAA such as the developmental stages of alcohol use and abuse, timing and consequences of alcohol use, racial and gender differences, and the effects of health disparities on the development of alcohol use and misuse. The faculty have expertise in developmental, epidemiological, clinical, and neurobiological approaches and advanced quantitative methods. A significant strength of the Program is access to an unusually large number of NIH-funded research projects that include large, longitudinal cohorts and allow analyses across multiple developmental phases. Supporting faculty who are not specifically alcohol researchers, but who have expertise in fields such as behavioral and community health, psychology, pediatrics, and statistics, allow trainees to develop their research with novel combinations of methods and expertise. Training involves active participation on research projects with mentors and design of new studies, supplemented by courses in Addictive Behaviors, Developmental Psychopathology, Epidemiology, and Advanced Quantitative Methods, and by the required Seminar on Addictions Research (SOAR) and the Career and Research Development Seminar (CARD). The DART program faculty are committed to training researchers to become independent investigators with the skills and tools for c...