# Development & Malleability from Childhood to Adulthood

> **NIH NIH R01** · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · 2021 · $205,356

## Abstract

Abstract
This application is being submitted in response to NOT-DA-21-044, Administrative Supplements to
Support Research on Health Equity in NIDA-Funded Grant Awards. We are requesting a supplement to R01
DA044184 (N. Ialongo, PI), which is currently in Year 4 and is supporting a long-term follow-up study of former
participants in a randomized, universal, elementary school-based preventive intervention trial that was originally
fielded in the fall of 1993. Racism is a driving force of inequities in substance use experienced by Black
individuals. However, critical gaps constrain our understanding of racism’s effects on substance use. Of concern,
most prior research linking racism with substance use risks and with substance use has focused on interpersonal
racism (i.e., racial discrimination) to the relative neglect of other types of racism. In addition, much prior research
has focused on risks, with less attention to the strengths, resources, and resilience of Black individuals. Thus,
we know little about how different types of racism are linked with substance use risk and behaviors, for whom
these links are the strongest, and processes that support positive adjustment in the context of racism exposures.
Consistent with the areas for research identified in NOT-DA-21-044, in particular, research to discover new
individual-level or systemic resilience or risk factors that contribute to equity or inequity, we propose to address
these gaps via research that will integrate multiple levels of racism experience (i.e., institutional, interpersonal,
internalized) to understand the links between racism and substance use (Aim 1); and to explore how individual,
social and culturally-specific resources protect against racism effects on substance use (Aim 2). More
specifically, we will add measures of internalized and institutional racism, and individual, social, and cultural
resources relevant for substance use to the parent RO1 which features a community epidemiologically-defined
sample of African American participants followed from age 6 through age 34. These additional measures will
provide novel information regarding intra- and interpersonal factors that underpin resilience and mitigate the
negative effects of systemic racism on substance use amongst African American adults. An enhanced
understanding of individual, social, and cultural resources relevant to substance use and protective against
racism could identify malleable targets needed to inform the development of culturally relevant preventive
interventions, increase engagement and retention in programs, and thereby help reduce inequities in substance
use.

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 10440596
- **Project number:** 3R01DA044184-04S1
- **Recipient organization:** JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
- **Principal Investigator:** NICHOLAS S IALONGO
- **Activity code:** R01 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2021
- **Award amount:** $205,356
- **Award type:** 3
- **Project period:** 2021-09-01 → 2022-05-31

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10440596

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 10440596, Development & Malleability from Childhood to Adulthood (3R01DA044184-04S1). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-22 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/10440596. Licensed CC0.

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