Project Summary/Abstract - Overall The Tulane National Primate Research Center (TNPRC) has one of the largest rhesus monkey breeding colonies in the United States. The objective of this application is to request funds for continued support and maintenance of the U42 supported SPF Indian-origin rhesus monkey breeding colony at the TNPRC. The specific aims address the components specified in the funding opportunity announcement (FOA) and are divided into the Overall program description, Husbandry and Management Core, Viral Testing Core, and MHC Genetic Typing Core. Program income and TNPRC funds will be used to support components of the program not covered by grant funds including: per diem for any colony animals in excess of the animals supported by this application, additional testing required for those animals, infrastructure repairs and improvements, veterinary clinical and pathology support, behavioral management support, and portions of the genetic testing. Specific Aims: Overall. To maintain the existing SPF colony and distribute available animals to the NIH funded HIV/AIDS research community. Husbandry and Management Core. To provide husbandry and veterinary care for the SPF breeding colony established in the existing U42 grant. This includes a robust program for clinical veterinary medical care and behavioral management. The colony has reached a mature self-sustaining status with ideal demographics to produce up to 105-150 animals available for assignment each year based on production and demand. Program income generated by the animal sales will be returned to an account for use in supporting the aims of the grant. Viral Testing Core. To assure the SPF status of the colony through continued viral testing of existing breeding colony animals and all offspring. Continue to expand characterization of the colony beyond the required 4 viruses to include agents such as measles virus, SARS-CoV-2, Trypanosoma cruzi, and other emerging infectious diseases that threaten nonhuman primates. MHC Genetic Typing Core. To continue genetic analysis and MHC typing of the colony and provide expanded genetic characterization through enhanced techniques.