# Maternal Immunization and Determinants of Infant Immunity

> **NIH NIH U19** · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · 2022 · $3,121,843

## Abstract

OVERALL ABSTRACT – MATERNAL IMMUNIZATION AND DETERMINANTS OF INFANT IMMUNITY
(MADI)
Infectious diseases remain the leading cause of death in children under 5 years worldwide. The most affected
are newborns and infants within the first year of life. Maternal and infant immunity are interrelated. Immune
fitness of the mother is key to sustained health of a child. Vaccination during pregnancy enhances maternal
immunity and has a tremendous potential to improve neonatal immunity to pathogens. However, major gaps
remain in our understanding of how the immunologically unique setting of pregnancy influences
responses to vaccination, the rules of maternal Ab transfer, and the interactions between transferred
maternal Ab and the infant immune system. To fill this knowledge gap, we have proposed synergistic and
multidisciplinary studies organized in three Aims that will:
1. Distinguish unique features and predictors of vaccine-induced immunity during pregnancy.
2. Define the principles governing maternal antibody transfer.
3. Identify determinants of infant immunity and responses to vaccines.
MADI consists of four integrated and synergistic Projects (P) and three Cores (C): P1 will determine the influence
of pregnancy on Ab biophysical and functional features and on B/T cell responses to vaccines. P2 will identify
Ab-intrinsic factors underlying transfer via placenta and breast milk. P3 will identify features of transferred
maternal Ab mediating immunity to pathogens and regulating vaccine responses in infants. P4 will identify
cellular and molecular predictors of responses to vaccination in the mother-infant dyad. C1 will provide cutting-
edge systems serology and Ab engineering technologies, training, and quality control. C2 will provide centralized
management and analysis of data from all projects and will manage data dissemination. The Admin Core will
provide management and programmatic support.
The MADI team combines complementary expertise, access to unique and well characterized clinical
cohorts, and state-of-the-art methods to dissect complex maternal-infant immune interactions.
MADI has public health significance and translational value in 1) investigating the immunobiology of maternal
immunization at a new breadth and depth; 2) identifying novel actionable targets to improve effectiveness of
maternal immunization; 3) informing vaccine design and implementation; and 4) stimulating the field of maternal-
infant immunology and vaccinology by generating new analytical tools, mechanistic insights, and rich hypothesis-
generating systems immunology datasets. Such knowledge can transform the field of maternal immunization.

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 10449290
- **Project number:** 5U19AI145825-02
- **Recipient organization:** UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE
- **Principal Investigator:** Marcela F Pasetti
- **Activity code:** U19 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2022
- **Award amount:** $3,121,843
- **Award type:** 5
- **Project period:** 2021-07-12 → 2026-04-30

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10449290

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 10449290, Maternal Immunization and Determinants of Infant Immunity (5U19AI145825-02). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-24 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/10449290. Licensed CC0.

---

*[NIH grants dataset](/datasets/nih-grants) · CC0 1.0*