Project Summary/Abstract Through two investigator‐initiated research grants, NICHD has provided core support for data collection by the Mekong Island Population Laboratory project (MIPopLab) and its successor, the Mekong Integrated Population‐Registration Areas of Cambodia project (MIPRAoC). De‐identified datasets and documentation pertaining to data collected by MIPopLab from 2000 to 2006 have been deposited with the Data Sharing for Demographic Research program (DSDR) program and have been distributed by the Inter‐university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR) since 2017 (http://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR36601.v1). The aim of this project is to accelerate the creation and documentation of de‐identified datasets pertaining to data collected by MIPRAoC between 2008 and 2014 and to add them to the extant repository so that they become available to the general scientific community. We aim to make data from MIPRAoC available to the general scientific community because we believe that Cambodia’s unique history provides research opportunities to revisit extant demographic and sociological issues, and these studies were designed to assess general human mechanisms rather than context‐specific associations. Analyses of these data are expected to make a contribution to general scientific knowledge, not limited to Cambodian demography and sociology. The specific aims of this project are thus: 1) To create and document de‐identified datasets from MIPRAoC’s HDSS data, extending the surveillance frame in MIPopLab population to 2000‐14, and adding comparable 2008‐2014 data across six areas at different stages of socio‐economic development and urbanization; 2) To create and document de‐identified datasets from MIPRAoC’s HDSS Orphan Rider Survey, which collected diverse data from the same population over time to compare the wellbeing of adults who lost a parent during childhood and of those who did not (total sample size of 5,500 individuals) and can be linked to HDSS data through unique individual identifiers (UIN), allowing for comparisons of individuals who lost and those who didn’t lose a parent during childhood across a wide range of transition‐to‐adulthood outcomes.