# Structural Racism and Black American Mental Health: Neurophysiological Mechanisms and Sociocultural Processes Promoting Resilience During the Transition to Adulthood

> **NIH NIH R01** · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · 2022 · $775,437

## Abstract

Although there is clear evidence that individual racism experiences can have negative effects on mental
health, few studies have examined structural racism and discrimination (SRD) as a determinant of mental
health, nor have studies examined the mechanisms by which structural racism undermines mental health.
This project will elucidate: (i) neurophysiological stress mechanisms by which SRD impacts mental health;
and (ii) sociocultural factors that influence the impact of SRD on mental health during the transition to
adulthood. The central hypothesis is that SRD will predict poor mental health by impacting neurophysiological
stress systems, while individual, family, and sociocultural factors will moderate the impact of structural racism
on neurophysiology and mental health. This hypothesis will be tested across three specific aims: 1) Determine
the associations between organizational/institutional, neighborhood/community, and societal indicators of
SRD (e.g., residential segregation, discriminatory lending practices, school disciplinary and criminal justice
practices, proximity to racist statues) and mental health by measuring aspects of SRD at the level of state,
neighborhood, and census tract; 2) Elucidate neurophysiological stress mechanisms linking SRD and mental
health at three levels: corticolimbic, autonomic, and immune; and 3) Identify individual vulnerability (i.e.,
chronic exposure to poverty and violence) and family, cultural, and community resilience factors (e.g., racial
identity, racial socialization, religious involvement) that moderate the SRD-mental health link. We will test
these associations in a sample of 850 young adults from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study. This
ongoing study of children born to families from predominantly low-income backgrounds has multiple scientific
strengths: 1) Children were assessed at birth, 1, 3, 5, 9, 15, 21, and 22 years; 2) The sample is representative
of children born in large cities with considerable variation across cities in segregation and criminal justice
policy and implementation; and 3) Participants are entering early adulthood, a critical developmental period of
increased risk for poor mental health outcomes. By identifying these SRD-mental health pathways using multi-
level (i.e., individual, institutional, and cultural racism) and multi-domain (i.e., organization/institutional,
neighborhood/community, societal) indicators of racism across diverse geographic units, with multiple
measures of neurophysiology, and measurement of sociocultural resilience factors in a 22-year longitudinal
birth cohort sample, the study will provide a strong evidence-base to inform new opportunities for structural
and therapeutic interventions to decrease structural racism, eliminate racial health disparities, and promote
health equity.

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 10473914
- **Project number:** 1R01MH130158-01
- **Recipient organization:** UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
- **Principal Investigator:** Luke Williamson Hyde
- **Activity code:** R01 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2022
- **Award amount:** $775,437
- **Award type:** 1
- **Project period:** 2022-04-07 → 2027-03-31

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10473914

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 10473914, Structural Racism and Black American Mental Health: Neurophysiological Mechanisms and Sociocultural Processes Promoting Resilience During the Transition to Adulthood (1R01MH130158-01). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-25 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/10473914. Licensed CC0.

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