Autophagy and LC3-associated phagocytosis in intestinal epithelial cells

NIH RePORTER · NIH · R01 · $450,877 · view on reporter.nih.gov ↗

Abstract

Abstract The intestinal epithelium is vital to maintain the barrier between the body and the outside world, and membrane trafficking is essential for both the development and maintenance of this barrier. Abnormal membrane trafficking can result compromised barrier leading to intestinal disease, including inflammatory bowel disease. Autophagy is a specialized membrane trafficking process that allows cells to respond to changes in metabolism. In addition, autophagy is important for maintenance of the epithelial barrier and the innate immune response, mediating the isolation and degradation of intracellular pathogens. Furthermore, LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP) is important for uptake and degradation of pathogens, and dysfunction of this pathway is associated with hyperinflammation. Importantly, variants of proteins in the autophagic and LAP pathways have been linked to increased susceptibility to Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), and particularly Crohn’s disease, although the molecular mechanisms that underlie this connection remain incompletely understood. MAMDC4 is an integral membrane protein that localizes to endosomes of the intestinal epithelium. Deletion of MAMDC4 compromises intestinal enterocyte morphology, and RNAseq studies have indicated that MAMDC4 is down- regulated in IBD. In previous work, we found that MAMDC4 interacts with the small GTPase Rab14. In professional phagocytes, Rab14 is recruited to phagosomes and prevents phagosome-lysosome fusion but its role in the intestinal epithelium is unknown. In our preliminary data, we show that Rab 14 is present on autophagosomes and both Rab14 and MAMDC4 are present on membranes containing invading bacteria. Furthermore, deletion of MAMDC4 results in accumulation of autophagy and lysosomal markers on tubular membranes. These results suggest that MAMDC4 and Rab14 act in a molecular network to maintain mucosal immunity through control of autophagy or LAP. In this proposal we will use intestinal epithelial cells in culture, organoid culture, and patient-derived organoids to define the role of autophagy and/or LAP in intestinal homeostasis.

Key facts

NIH application ID
10538801
Project number
1R01DK132074-01A1
Recipient
UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
Principal Investigator
Jean M Wilson
Activity code
R01
Funding institute
NIH
Fiscal year
2022
Award amount
$450,877
Award type
1
Project period
2022-08-01 → 2027-05-31