# RFA-CE-22-004, Firearm Violence Perpetration: A Nationally Representative Multi-Wave Survey of Youth and Young Adults Across the United States

> **NIH ALLCDC R01** · NATIONAL OPINION RESEARCH CENTER · 2022 · $649,979

## Abstract

Project Summary/Abstract
 In response to CDC’s RFA-CE-22-004 (Research Objective 1, Funding Option B), we
propose to conduct a nationally representative 3-wave longitudinal survey of 2,750 youth and
young adults ages 10-34 to identify risk and protective factors associated with indirect
(witnessing) and direct (gun carrying, perpetration, and victimization) firearm violence in the US.
The nationally representative sample will be recruited through NORC’s AmeriSpeak Panel®.
This study, guided by the Socio-Ecological Framework and a life course perspective, will
provide critical data to better identify youth and young adults at risk for firearm violence,
including past and concurrent factors from individual, family, peer, school/work, and community
contexts that may amplify risk and lead to different types of firearm violence. We will investigate
how factors from these domains function in three developmental periods (10-17, 18-24, 25-34
years of age). Specific aims of the project are to: (SA1) provide population-based estimates of
direct (perpetration, gun carrying and victimization) and indirect (witnessing) firearm violence;
(SA2) identify the individual, relational (peer, family, romantic partner), school/workplace, and
community-level risk and protective factors associated with indirect and direct firearm violence;
and (SA3) understand the factors under which youth and young adults have the opportunity and
engage in bystander behavior to help prevent firearm violence. Using a nationally representative
longitudinal design rarely used in this field, this study will address gaps in the research by
comparing how risk factors vary across youth and young adult developmental periods,
examining detailed measures of modifiable protective factors, comparing how different forms of
firearm violence co-relate, and examining “bystander behavior” in reducing firearm violence.
Descriptive and bivariate analyses will be conducted for each specific aim to identify overall
prevalence rates of firearm exposure and disparities in exposure by subgroup, and more
advanced modeling techniques such as latent class analysis and structural equation modelling
will be used to examine the relationship between risk/protective factors and outcomes of
interest. Our interdisciplinary team from NORC at the University of Chicago (lead) and the
University of New Hampshire specializes in violence prevention research, and has expertise in
data linkages, longitudinal analyses, and multi-level modeling. Population-based studies, like
the one proposed here, are critical for informing the development of primary and secondary
prevention and intervention efforts that are applicable to a broad spectrum of youth and young
adults as well as those who represent high risk for firearm violence exposure.

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 10563892
- **Project number:** 1R01CE003434-01
- **Recipient organization:** NATIONAL OPINION RESEARCH CENTER
- **Principal Investigator:** KIMBERLY J MITCHELL LEMA
- **Activity code:** R01 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** ALLCDC
- **Fiscal year:** 2022
- **Award amount:** $649,979
- **Award type:** 1
- **Project period:** 2022-09-30 → 2025-09-29

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10563892

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 10563892, RFA-CE-22-004, Firearm Violence Perpetration: A Nationally Representative Multi-Wave Survey of Youth and Young Adults Across the United States (1R01CE003434-01). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-27 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/10563892. Licensed CC0.

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