# Risk Environments of Permanent Supportive Housing for Formerly Incarcerated People with Serious Mental Illnesses

> **NIH NIH K01** · WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY · 2022 · $178,924

## Abstract

ABSTRACT
 Formerly incarcerated people with serious mental illnesses (SMI) experience the criminal legal system
unequally and have elevated rates of recidivism, homelessness, general medical problems, and substance use
disorders. Permanent supportive housing (PSH) is a housing intervention often used during reentry, but it has
limited resources for addressing community integration, a key component of reentry. PSH are often located in
high-poverty environments with increased criminogenic risk. The geography of PSH also includes public spaces,
which are associated with greater self-esteem, life satisfaction, a positive orientation toward recovery,
independent employment, and access to tangible and social resources. The risk environment framework
provides a structure for understanding the geography of PSH through its focus on the physical, social, economic,
and policy influences on both the micro and macro environments. During reentry, individual, interpersonal, and
environmental factors can interact with these environments to produce or reduce risk. If addressed, these factors
can contribute to reentry wellbeing, through improved community participation and treatment engagement and
reduced psychiatric distress and substance use, ultimately supporting more targeted interventions.
 The proposed study uses a rigorous nontraditional QUAL + QUAN (spatial) concurrent mixed-methods design
to examine how individual, interpersonal, and environmental factors situated in the risk environments of PSH
interact with public and private spaces to inform reentry wellbeing. Eighty multi-method interviews (i.e.,
qualitative, quantitative, and participatory mapping methods) that look at individual, interpersonal, and
environmental reentry factors will be conducted with formerly incarcerated clients with SMI. Data collected will
be triangulated with go-along interviews with up to 20 of the participants. Participatory mapping will then be
geocoded and sites identified as places of importance, frequent participation, and belonging will be evaluated in
relation to objective features of spaces like resource and treatment availability or accessibility using GIS methods
in order to develop a community resilience index model. A cluster analysis will additionally be conducted to
identify and map areas of increased and decreased drug overdose and arrest and overlaid with the community
resilience index model to examine the relationship between community resilience and the risk environments. I
will then partner with a community advisory board of 2 providers and 6 formerly incarcerated PSH residents to
integrate the findings for the purpose of co-designing a targeted multilevel intervention aimed at improving
reentry wellbeing through public space engagement. My proposed research plan integrates activities, formal
training, and mentorship from experts (Drs. Michael McDonell, Benjamin Henwood, Ofer Amram, Chyrell
Bellamy, Susan Collins, and Mark Salzer) in supportive housing, the r...

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 10591857
- **Project number:** 1K01MH129482-01A1
- **Recipient organization:** WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY
- **Principal Investigator:** Liat S. Kriegel
- **Activity code:** K01 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2022
- **Award amount:** $178,924
- **Award type:** 1
- **Project period:** 2022-09-19 → 2026-08-31

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10591857

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 10591857, Risk Environments of Permanent Supportive Housing for Formerly Incarcerated People with Serious Mental Illnesses (1K01MH129482-01A1). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-26 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/10591857. Licensed CC0.

---

*[NIH grants dataset](/datasets/nih-grants) · CC0 1.0*