# Emotion regulation as a primary mechanism of action in yoga interventions for chronic low back pain: An RCT testing biological and psychological pathways

> **NIH NIH R01** · UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT STORRS · 2023 · $654,587

## Abstract

Abstract
Yoga has been shown to have consistent but modest effects in reducing pain and improving function in
populations with chronic low back pain (CLBP) in multiple randomized controlled trials. Reviews and practice
guidelines support yoga as an evidence-based treatment for CLBP with at least moderate benefit and yoga is
being increasingly applied as an integrative therapy. However, the mechanisms through which yoga exerts
clinical improvements on pain severity and interference have not been identified; such identification might lead
to optimizing yoga interventions to improve their potency. To identify underlying mechanisms associated with
yoga interventions (PA 18-323) and based on a comprehensive theoretical emotion regulation model of yoga
developed by the PI, we aim to test emotion regulation as a primary mechanism of yoga's effects, and to test
biological pathways through which yoga's effects on increased adaptive emotion regulation may operate to
affect pain-related functioning. Emotions strongly influence perceptions of pain intensity and predict disability,
particularly among individuals with CLBP, and interventions that promote emotion regulation skills have been
shown to reduce pain. Increasing evidence demonstrates that consistent yoga practice can promote improved
emotion regulation, but research has not yet tested whether the effects of yoga practice on CLBP are due to
improvements in emotion regulation. To examine this issue, we will conduct a randomized controlled trial of
204 people with CLBP assessed pre-intervention, 6 weeks, post-intervention and at 3- and 6-month follow-up
to test the impact of a yoga intervention on emotion regulation relative to stretching/strengthening without
meditation or breathwork. Secondarily, we will also assess whether yoga's effects on CLBP (improved pain
severity and functioning) are mediated by changes in emotion regulation. We also examine whether the link
between emotion regulation and pain severity and functioning is moderated or mediated by pain sensitization,
effects that have been theorized and/or demonstrated to account for changes in pain, thereby testing emotion
regulation as a key mechanism underlying the clinical effects of yoga on CLBP.

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 10620803
- **Project number:** 5R01AT010555-04
- **Recipient organization:** UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT STORRS
- **Principal Investigator:** Crystal L. Park
- **Activity code:** R01 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2023
- **Award amount:** $654,587
- **Award type:** 5
- **Project period:** 2020-06-01 → 2025-05-31

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10620803

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 10620803, Emotion regulation as a primary mechanism of action in yoga interventions for chronic low back pain: An RCT testing biological and psychological pathways (5R01AT010555-04). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-22 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/10620803. Licensed CC0.

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