ABSTRACT This supplement to the Vanderbilt-Meharry BIRCWH award will support a fourth BIRCWH Scholar, Dr. Ana Serezani, who is a Latina and a Research Assistant Professor in the Department of Medicine. Her research examines the contribution of adaptive and innate immune responses to chronic lung diseases, with a particular interest in sex differences in disease etiology. Dr. Serezani will expand our diverse group of BIRCWH scholars. She is being mentored by exceptional mentors Drs. Timothy Blackwell and Dawn Newcomb. Dr. Serezani is an ideal fit for our program. Her work spans three of our five thematic areas of exceptional institutional strength: mechanisms, sex and gender biology, and precision medicine research. She joins a cohort dedicated to research excellence. The program environment creates synergy for robust mechanistic and therapeutic research to deliver discoveries both inside and outside the lab. Our 37 former and current scholars conduct research as varied as immunologic and genetic aspects of lupus, sex differences in resilience to Alzheimer's, and role of sex hormones in T cell differentiation and cytokine expression in asthma onset and severity. Scholars are 79% women and 27% identify with minority race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, or disadvantaged status historically underrepresented in research. Nearly all remain in research. During training, scholars average 8 publications a year, and alumni have been awarded 107 extramural grants worth over $50 million total. BIRCWH Scholars are grounded in fundamentals of women's health and sex differences research, prepared to lead collaborative teams, trained to effectively deploy innovative interdisciplinary approaches to attack and solve problems, and committed to pursuing research that optimizes the health of all women. Scholars are selected by competitive review of applications from early career faculty. Training is tailored to the individual scholar guided by structured interdisciplinary mentorship and is overseen by a trio of Co-PIs who are all former BIRCWH Scholars. Program resources are further extended by myriad institutional resources that ensure our researchers thrive. Scholars form a mentoring panel, participate in weekly BIRCWH work-in- progress sessions and seminars, receive formal evaluation twice a year, attend twice-monthly career development seminar series with other K-awardees, and are regularly exposed to case studies on responsible conduct of rigorous and reproducible research. They have access to: 1) an array of cores; 2) biostatistics consults; 3) manuscript preparation groups; 4) technical editing of completed products; 5) studios with experts to vet scientific ideas, aims, and research designs; 6) intramural pilot funding; 7) grant writing support including grant workshops, a library of funded grants, and internal study sections; and 8) new expert consultations to design fully individualized training plans termed Pathways. We deploy evaluation tools to continuous...