The Maternal and Pediatric Infectious Disease Branch (MPIDB) promotes research to investigate the impact and treatment of HIV, its complications, and other significant infectious diseases in infants, children, adolescents, and pregnant and nonpregnant women. This includes contracted clinical research activities conducted primarily in two major networks that actively collect specimens to be housed in the NICHD repository. These are the Pediatric HIV AIDS Cohort Study (PHACS). PHACS is a multicenter United States-based program that follows both perinatally HIV-infected youth and HIV-exposed/uninfected infants, children, and youth. PHACS currently includes four main protocols and four sub studies. A wide variety of specimen types are collected at 18 SMARTT (Surveillance Monitoring for ART Toxicities Study in HIV-uninfected Children Born to HIV-infected Women) and 14 AMP (Adolescent Master Protocol) current study sites that require repository services. The Health Outcomes around Pregnancy and Exposure to HIV/ARVs (HOPE) explores reproductive health choices, including pregnancy, and overall health outcomes, including reproductive health outcomes. HOPE provides the opportunity to inform future advancements for women living with HIV and their families.