# Synaptic basis of perceptual learning with cochlear implants in rat auditory cortex - Renewal

> **NIH NIH R01** · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · 2024 · $672,080

## Abstract

Project Summary
The brain has the remarkable capability to change in response to experience. This plasticity is essential for
learning and memory, and is an important feature of the auditory cortex, especially for learning the significance
of sensory signals such as speech, recovery after short-term deafness, and the use of devices such as cochlear
implants for hearing restoration. These changes are thought to occur primarily at synapses, basic units of
information processing and plasticity. Long-term synaptic plasticity requires sensory experience and activation
of neuromodulatory systems which convey behavioral context to local cortical circuits. It is generally believed
that these mechanisms are important for initial adaptation and performance with cochlear implants. However,
little is known about how single neurons and circuits of the auditory system are modified during cochlear implant
training to support performance, or how these mechanisms might be leveraged to improve hearing restoration.
 Over the last decade, the Froemke and Svirsky labs at NYU School of Medicine have been collaborating
with the NYU Department of Otolaryngology and Cochlear Americas to examine unilateral multi-channel implant
use in bilaterally profoundly-deafened rats. Rats are ideal for studying the neuroscience of neuroprosthetic use,
as we can monitor neurophysiological changes in highly-trained rats reporting auditory percepts, recording in
behaving animals to measure single-trial neural correlates and longer-term forms of neuroplasticity over days to
weeks of implant use. Furthermore, we can take advantage of recent advances in optogenetics and imaging
technologies in transgenic rat lines, to monitor and manipulate neural activity in specific brain regions and in
select cell populations. We have found that implanted rats show analogous variable individual performance and
learning rates as with human subjects. In our prior publications supporting the proposed experiments, we found
that response levels and tuning curves in auditory cortex related to individual rat performance. We also found
that activity in the brainstem locus coeruleus- a major source of the modulator noradrenalin- could predict when
rats would begin performing well with implant stimulation, and that optogenetic stimulation of locus coeruleus
produced high levels of performance in all animals. This indicates that neuromodulation and cortical plasticity
are predictive biomarkers and potential avenues for improving performance with cochlear implants.
 Here in Aim 1 we make µ-electrocorticography and single-unit recordings as rats learn to use cochlear
implants to perform an auditory 2-alternative forced-choice task; we will monitor larger-scale cortical cochleotopy
and single neuron responses on individual trials during implant training. In Aim 2, we use whole-cell recordings
in vivo ask how cortical inhibition shapes cortical responses and regulates plasticity for cortical implant learning.
In Aim 3...

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 10746090
- **Project number:** 5R01DC012557-12
- **Recipient organization:** NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
- **Principal Investigator:** Robert Crooks Froemke
- **Activity code:** R01 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2024
- **Award amount:** $672,080
- **Award type:** 5
- **Project period:** 2012-12-02 → 2027-11-30

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10746090

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 10746090, Synaptic basis of perceptual learning with cochlear implants in rat auditory cortex - Renewal (5R01DC012557-12). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-24 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/10746090. Licensed CC0.

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