Anesthesiology research has grown well beyond a search for drug mechanisms of action. The expertise of anesthesiologists now extends to all aspects of perioperative care, and this competing renewal has been written with that in mind. Our fundamental mission is to provide talented and dedicated individuals with adequate time to delve into cutting edge research under the guidance of highly successful mentors. Dr. Schonberger has served as the Program Director for this T32 Training Program since 2021, and he was joined in program leadership by his close colleague Dr. Helene Benveniste, Professor of Anesthesiology at Yale. Dr. Benveniste continues to serve as co-Director on the proposed renewal of this post-doctoral training program which will enter its 15th year. Our post-doctoral training program employs 5 tracks: Neurobiology, Vascular Biology, Immunology/Inflammation, Biomedical Engineering, and Clinical Research. In this renewal, as in previous iterations of the program, we request a total of three slots. Trainees will dedicate two-years of between 80-100% of their work effort to research training, whether it be laboratory research, didactic training, preparing manuscripts and grants, or attending meetings and conferences. The five tracks are designed to provide trainees with a breadth of basic science and clinical research opportunities in areas that are directly relevant to anesthetic practice. Preceptors have been strategically selected and have the following qualities: i) a history of outstanding training and mentorship – for younger Preceptors, a history of excellent interactions with junior house staff and an exciting and clinically relevant research program are deemed sufficient for inclusion; ii) research focus in one or more of the five selected training tracks; iii) a clear desire to train productive clinician scientists in Anesthesiology. Preceptors with expertise across multiple scientific areas can provide a richer and more interdisciplinary training experience, which will be profoundly beneficial to trainees after they emerge from the T32 program to begin independent careers. Since assuming the role of PI, Dr. Schonberger, in collaboration with Dr. Benveniste, has further strengthened the training environment with increased frequency of scientific and social meetings for all trainees, the creation of an external advisory board, increased collaboration with Yale’s internal Office of Physician Scientist and Scientist Development, and a renewed focus on long-term improvements in a diverse pipeline through recruitment of summer students through Yale’s Diversity, Inclusion, Community Engagement, and Equity (DICE) program. To date, we are extremely pleased with the progress of our current and former trainees, and we hope that the NIGMS will continue to support this remarkably successful program.