# Cortical Interneuron Transplantation to Treat Intractable Epilepsy

> **NIH NIH UG3** · RUTGERS BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES · 2024 · $666,380

## Abstract

Abstract
Epilepsy is a severe neurological disease affecting more than 65 million people worldwide and is characterized
by unpredictable abnormal electrical discharges resulting in recurrent seizures. About one third of patients with
epilepsy suffer from intractable seizures that do not respond to anti-seizure medications (ASMs). Neurosurgical
interventions and neurostimulator devices are useful options for only a fraction of patients with drug-refractory
seizures, underscoring the urgent need to develop new therapies. One strategy with considerable promise is to
engraft new neurons to provide enhanced GABAergic inhibition in an activity-dependent manner. However, use
of fetal neurons for cell therapy is associated with practical and ethical issues. Therefore, to overcome such
hurdles, in our previous studies, we pioneered the transplantation of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived
medial ganglionic eminence (MGE)-type human cortical interneurons (cINs) into epileptic mouse brains and
demonstrated their integration into dysfunctional circuitry, accompanied by the suppression of seizures and
comorbid behavioral abnormalities. Furthermore, more recently, we have determined the optimal stage of
human cIN differentiation to ensure maximal integration into host circuitry as well as safety without risk of tumor
formation, and developed a method to efficiently generate these safe and highly migratory populations of
synchronized early postmitotic cINs from hPSCs in large quantities, bringing cell therapy for epilepsy one step
closer to reality. Furthermore, we have successfully tested the efficacy of human early postmitotic cINs in 2
different models of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), observing >80% of seizure reduction. With these strong
previous studies, now we are ready to embark clinical translation of this novel and restorative therapy for
epilepsy patients with limited options. Thus, in this proposed study, we will scale up production of synchronized
early postmitotic cINs that are optimal for grafting under cGMP condition. For added safety, we will utilize well-
characterized HLA-edited hypoimmunogenic iPSCs to minimize the need for immunosuppression for off-the-
shelf use of human cINs. We will also extensively analyze the produced early postmitotic cINs’ phenotype,
efficacy, safety, tumorigenesis and biodistribution to seek IND approval. Once we obtain IND approval, we will
do a first-in-human clinical trial of early postmitotic cIN grafting with a primary goal of safety analysis, while also
checking efficacy as a secondary measure. This will be done in patients with intractable TLE who are candidates
for resection while they undergo intracranial EEG to identify the seizure focus without additional invasive steps.
Completion of these studies is pivotal for translating this experimental therapy into a viable therapeutic strategy
for intractable epilepsy.

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 10782798
- **Project number:** 1UG3NS129630-01A1
- **Recipient organization:** RUTGERS BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES
- **Principal Investigator:** SANGMI CHUNG
- **Activity code:** UG3 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2024
- **Award amount:** $666,380
- **Award type:** 1
- **Project period:** 2024-09-07 → 2025-08-31

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10782798

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 10782798, Cortical Interneuron Transplantation to Treat Intractable Epilepsy (1UG3NS129630-01A1). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-27 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/10782798. Licensed CC0.

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