# Common and Distinct Influences of Prenatal and Postnatal Early-Life Adversity on Epigenomic Trajectories in Mexican American Children > **NIH NIH R01** · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · 2024 · $491,620 ## Abstract PROJECT SUMMARY Childhood obesity is a growing public health epidemic that is disproportionally affecting Hispanic children and associated with morbidity and downstream health disparities. Early-life adversity and childhood psychosocial stressors have been shown to contribute to obesity risk, with stronger effects reported among children growing up in lower-income households. The period of fetal development and early-life are marked by dynamic and rapid changes in fetal DNA methylation programming, epigenetic maturation of immune system-related genes in early- childhood and general physiological development. A poor and adverse social environment in early life has been hypothesized to contribute to epigenomic “weathering” leading to accelerated decline in health, aging and eventual health disparities, including obesity. A leading hypothesis for the origins of health disparities is the biological embedding of adversity on the epigenome due to chronic adversity exposure. While emerging evidence indicates that psychosocial stressors and adversity are associated with epigenetic biomarkers like DNA methylation, significant limitations remain in the field. Namely, most studies to date have been cross-sectional, used candidate gene approaches, not investigated changes or trajectories in epigenetic biomarkers throughout development, or functional consequences in gene expression. The proposed project will leverage data and samples from The Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS), a long- term study of low-income Latinx, predominantly Mexican American, mother-child pairs living in the Salinas Valley of California. We have repeated measurements and samples for DNA methylation analyses at birth, 7, 9, 14 and 18 years in approximately 300 mother-child pairs, genetics, and stabilized RNA for sequencing at 14 years of age. We will investigate both pre- and postnatal early-life adversity measures to 1) determine if adversity measures are associated with blood DNA methylation trajectories and subsequent variation in gene expression; 2) evaluate if adversity measures influence epigenetic aging clocks and biomarkers and their trajectories and if longitudinal changes are prospectively associated with obesity risk; and 3) determine if DNA methylation or epigenetic aging mediate associations with obesity and if an epigenetic adversity score can be constructed from children’s blood methylome. Our study will address critical gaps in the field by testing hypotheses prospectively over 18 years and addressing questions of persistence and embedment of pre- and postnatal adversity. We will test if epigenetic changes influence gene expression with untargeted RNA sequencing at 14 years. We will evaluate if DNA methylation can serve as a reliable biomarker of adversity in early-life and or alternatively if these biomarkers are causal for the relationship between adversity and obesity risk with mediation and mendelian randomization methods. ... ## Key facts - **NIH application ID:** 10808182 - **Project number:** 5R01MD016595-03 - **Recipient organization:** UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY - **Principal Investigator:** Andres Cardenas - **Activity code:** R01 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.) - **Funding institute:** NIH - **Fiscal year:** 2024 - **Award amount:** $491,620 - **Award type:** 5 - **Project period:** 2022-07-13 → 2027-06-30 ## Primary source NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10808182 ## Citation > US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 10808182, Common and Distinct Influences of Prenatal and Postnatal Early-Life Adversity on Epigenomic Trajectories in Mexican American Children (5R01MD016595-03). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-23 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/10808182. Licensed CC0. --- *[NIH grants dataset](/datasets/nih-grants) · CC0 1.0*