PROJECT SUMMARY The 2024 GRC on Biointerface Science will bring together a wide spectrum of researchers in the rapidly moving field of biological interfaces, both natural and engineered. Biointerface Science encompasses the chemistry and physics of cell-surface interactions and how to characterize and manipulate such interfaces. The study of interfaces between biological systems and synthetic materials is central for a wide variety of areas that spans from biosensors and separations, to tissue engineering, immunotherapy, and also in understanding fundamental design principles in cell biology and biomedical engineering. Accordingly, the 2024 GRC on Biointerface Science is well aligned with the mission of the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB). During the week, we will identify new scientific and technological developments associated with biointerfaces and provide an open forum to discuss the best ways to tackle these emerging opportunities. The confluence of a diverse group of attendees: scientists, engineers, and materials experts; students, post-docs, young investigators, and thought-leaders; and underrepresented groups, should facilitate energetic and thought- provoking discussions on the translation of biomolecular breakthroughs into real-world applications in medicine and technology. In the 2024 GRC, we will specifically address new emerging topics that will include: (1) DNA nanostructures at biointerfaces; (2) mechanical signaling at interfaces; (3) nanoscale machines and robotics at biointerfaces; (4) immune receptor signaling at engineered interfaces; (5) translational biointerfaces; and (6) emerging tools and concepts in biointerfaces. Each session of the GRC on Biointerface Science will be introduced by an expert Discussion Leader who will provide a general overview to integrate the research communities and stimulate conceptual discussions. Speakers with international recognition in the field will join young investigators and scientists gaining important experience by attending this conference. Shorter talks will be selected from abstracts to highlight emerging topics, especially from early-career researchers. Our goal is to offer a platform to evoke productive collaborations and long-term partnerships. The associated Gordon Research Seminar (GRS) on Biointerface Science will provide an intimate venue for junior investigators and young scientists to establish informal networks for long- term collaborations and a lifetime of scientific citizenship. This provides an additional forum (Saturday before the main meeting) for students to present orally, in addition to poster sessions and regular participation in the main meeting.