The main goal of the Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics Training Program at the University of Pennsylvania is to train a cadre of superlative students and put them on the trajectory to achieve success and leadership roles at the highest levels of academic and industrial science in this core area of biomedical research. We will leverage the immense resources, 45 outstanding faculty trainers, and talented graduate students of UPenn to accomplish this goal. The program will do so with a premium put on training in the technically challenging aspects of experimentation in this area of biomedicine, scientific thinking, integration of structural biology and molecular biophysics research within the broader biomedical scientific community, presentation skills, career-focused exploration, and achieving success through promoting and celebrating diversity and inclusion in the scientific workplace and community. There is anticipated strong growth in the number of jobs in Biochemistry and Biophysics, with a PhD representing the typical entry level education requirement. Building on excellence that can be directly traced back to 1929 and the establishment of the Johnson Research Foundation as the first privately endowed research organization in the USA dedicated to biophysics, upon decades of NIH-supported training programs in Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, and upon the notable success of our trainees in the current funding cycle, we have developed plans to ensure that our future trainees will enter the scientific workforce after being trained in a program that encompasses broad training goals and in a research environment known for rigor and vibrancy. The institutional commitment is strong and has been a consistent force that supports all aspects of the Training Program. A notable recent initiative is a sizable additional investment in the establishment of the Penn Institute for Structural Biology that will directly and positively impact the trainees in the funding cycle for which we request support. The Program benefits from a tradition of using feedback from trainees, as well as ideas to innovate with newly arising initiatives in graduate education and scientific breakthroughs (technical and conceptual), to continually adapt and improve. The strategy to extend this tradition are now buttressed by linking an outcomes rubric that defines success and a logic model meant to enable continuous improvement. Current major activities specific to the training program are a two tiered series of trainer-led meetings. The first is open to all qualified students and is required, along with two specific graduate-level courses, for subsequent appointment as a T32- supported trainee. Both of these series are built in to our integrated training plan that includes the integration of classroom and laboratory learning and discovery to prepare scientists, increase success on career paths in Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, and to ensure flexibil...