Revised Abstract The goal of this project is to develop innovative physicians and PhD scientists trained in the latest methods of laboratory, translational and clinical research and fully prepared to pursue independent research careers investigating critical issues in Allergy and Immunology (A/I). For over 40 years this program has produced leaders in the field of A/I. This application maintains the training collaboration established between the complementary A/I training programs at Duke University and The University of North Carolina Chapel Hill (UNC). The combined strength of their A/I programs and their respective Universities create an ideal venue for training the next generation of A/I investigators. This proposal continues a highly innovative program for both physicians and PhD trained scientists in translational research in immune- based diseases. These goals will be accomplished through 1) formal courses in clinical research design, 2) rigorous training in basic immunology and 3) a structured mentorship program. Our research emphasis areas are designed to address these future needs in the field: 1) Human Immune Response to Pathogens, 2) Immunobiology of Food Allergy and 3) Pathobiology of Asthma, Respiratory and Allergic Disease. Mentors were selected from highly integrated and focused programs currently in place at Duke and UNC who demonstrated research productivity. This application requests support for five trainees each year. Fulfillment of the program's objective would directly or indirectly serve to meet two urgent medical needs: 1) the need for more full-time researchers and teachers of allergy and clinical immunology in medical schools throughout the country and 2) the need for more physicians trained in the specific care of patients with allergic and immunologic disorders.