TR&D2 Abstract The goal of TR&D #2 is to bioengineer nanoimmunomaterial tools (NIMs) through the design and synthesis of new biomaterials and nanoparticles (NPs) created for immunomodulation. This TR&D is driven by the needs of CPs and SPs for safe, effective, and targeted tools to genetically manipulate immune cells ex vivo and in vivo. Specifically, we will engineer NIMs’ chemical structure, physical properties, and surface coating with biologics to maximize cell-specific intracellular delivery of nucleic acids to program immune cells. TR&D #2 focuses on genetically engineering three specific types of immune cells (dendritic cells, macrophages, and T cells), including applications to stimulate or suppress reactivity to antigens in vivo in a targeted, cell-specific fashion. NIMs will be evaluated for applications to human health, including oncology and autoimmunity. NIMs will be made available to be utilized as an enabling technology by the other TR&Ds as the NIMs are synthesized, characterized, and validated. Additionally, the NIMs will be made available to CP collaborators, SP projects, and the broader bioengineering and immunology communities as tools for investigators to further their own research goals. TR&D2 supports and aligns with the Johns Hopkins Translational ImmunoEngineering (JH-TIE) vision in its use of engineering principles (Chemical Engineering, Materials Science & Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering) to design enabling immunoengineering technology and advance immunotherapy.