Nearly two-thirds of the young adults diagnosed with or treated for structural hip pathology are females, yet females are vastly underrepresented in the research investigating how hip structure develops. This high female prevalence is not only true for acetabular dysplasia, but also for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome, a condition characterized by hip pain, clinical signs, and excess bone on either the proximal femur (cam morphology) or the acetabulum (pincer morphology) that contributes to impingement and hip pain. While cam was initially recognized primarily in males, current evidence confirms that over 80% of females with FAI syndrome have cam morphology. As bone responds to load in predictable ways (Wolff’s law), it is likely that regular participation in sports prior to skeletal maturity would influence the resulting hip structure. Compelling evidence of this adaptation exists for males, but female athletes have been vastly understudied. This work, therefore, will address this research disparity and investigate how female participation in specific sports influences hip structure at different levels of skeletal maturity. In this cross-sectional, observational study, we will evaluate hip structure and function in 150 girls ages 8 to 17 years old. We will recruit girls who play competitive “hip-risk” sports (sports known to have an increased prevalence of cam morphology in female adults) and girls who do not play organized sports (controls). We will obtain MRIs of bilateral hips to characterize the structure of the femur and acetabulum. We will capture multiple measures of function (i.e., range of motion, movement control, performance) and obtain clinical measures of ligamentous laxity and symptoms. We will also collect pubertal and maturation status, and quantify activity level using surveys and accelerometry measures. We will determine whether female athletes who participate in hip-risk sports differ from controls in hip structure or function, and if so, at what maturity level differences emerge. At the completion of this study, we will have compiled the necessary data to facilitate the design and future implementation of high-quality clinical and longitudinal studies by determining critical time periods for observation and intervention. While the development of cam morphology is insidious and the sequelae are delayed, risk reduction efforts similar to programs for acute sports-related injury (e.g., FIFA-11+, neuromuscular training) have a high potential to improve hip health across the lifespan.