# Gendered Racism Profiles, Resilience, and High-Risk Pregnancies Among Black Women

> **NIH NIH F31** · DUKE UNIVERSITY · 2024 · $37,543

## Abstract

ABSTRACT. Black women in the United States are three to four times more likely to die from pregnancy-
related causes than White women, a disparity that has persisted for the past five decades. Gestational
diabetes (GDM) and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) disproportionately develop in the pregnancies
of Black women and negatively impact cardiometabolic health in the years following pregnancy. Gendered
racism, a hybrid phenomenon of racism and sexism that interlocks to create a unique form of oppression, is a
chronic stressor experienced by Black women and contributes to ongoing health disparities. However, the
empirical evidence on the health implications of gendered racism is still nascent. Psychological resilience has
been found to protect against adverse pregnancy outcomes, yet Black women benefit less from such resilience
assets. A more culturally relevant understanding of resilience incorporating the individual-level (psychological
resilience and spirituality) and family-level (family support) will be explored in this study. The overall purpose
of this study is to examine the relationships between gendered racism experiences, resilience, and high-risk
pregnancies among Black women. Data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health will
be used to assess experiences of gendered racism, high-risk pregnancy, and resilience among Black women
with at least one pregnancy (N = 2,153). The aims are to: Aim 1. Identify latent subgroups of women with
different gendered racism experiences determined by four indicators (structural sexism, interpersonal sexism,
structural racism, and interpersonal racism). Aim 2. Determine the relationship of history of a high-risk
pregnancy (GDM/HDP, cases vs controls) with gendered racism experiences characterizing the identified
latent subgroups, covarying for chronic hypertension, diabetes (type 1 or 2), body mass index, level of
education, and income. Aim 3. Describe the association of history of a high-risk pregnancy and gendered
racism experiences with sources of resilience (individual and family) during adulthood, covarying for chronic
hypertension, diabetes (type 1 or 2), body mass index, level of education, and income. Latent profile analysis
will be used to identify subgroups for Black women with different gendered racism experiences. Bivariate and
covariate-adjusted multinominal logistic regression approach will be used to determine the association
between high-risk pregnancy and gendered racism subgroup experiences. Covariate-adjusted multiple
regression will be conducted to examine the relationship of high-risk pregnancy and gendered racism subgroup
experiences with resilience. This study uses an innovative methodological approach that integrates both
interpersonal and structural gendered racism to quantity the multifaceted nature of oppression experienced by
Black women along with a culturally relevant conceptualization of resilience. The findings will enhance the
understand...

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 10885932
- **Project number:** 5F31MD018916-02
- **Recipient organization:** DUKE UNIVERSITY
- **Principal Investigator:** Shewit Jaynes
- **Activity code:** F31 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2024
- **Award amount:** $37,543
- **Award type:** 5
- **Project period:** 2023-09-01 → 2025-05-31

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10885932

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 10885932, Gendered Racism Profiles, Resilience, and High-Risk Pregnancies Among Black Women (5F31MD018916-02). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-28 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/10885932. Licensed CC0.

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