# Endogenous retrovirus analyses in myalgic encephalomyelitis

> **NIH NIH R21** · TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIS CENTER · 2022 · $220,001

## Abstract

Project Summary/Abstract
Myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) is a disabling and complex disease with 1-2.5 million patients in the United
States. ME patients have low quality of life and one in four are bed- or house-bound. ME is under-studied and
under-funded, and there are no existing diagnostic tests, FDA-approved treatments or cure for ME. The causes
of ME are unknown. ME patients exhibit elevated immune responses and enhanced inflammation.
Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) result from the fixation of ancient retroviral infections and integrations into the
human genome. ERVs (n≈400,000) typically remain silenced; however, some ERVs can be transcriptionally
reactivated. Activated ERVs resemble viral RNA and can therefore trigger immune responses and chronic
inflammation, potentially leading to ME. Together with our collaborators, we have collected the largest deep
sequencing data sets with deep phenotypes from ME patients. We recently developed a set of bioinformatics
tools that allow us to genotype genome-wide individual ERVs and quantify individual ERV expression with high
accuracy. With this R21 application, we propose to use these state-of-the-art tools to analyze existing and new
deep sequencing data to address two Specific Aims. Aim 1: Identify distinct ERVs whose expression is
associated with ME using RNA-Sequencing data. These analyses will, for the first time, quantify transcriptome-
wide expressed ERVs individually; and allow for identification of activated distinct ERVs and ERV genes
associated with ME. Aim 2: Identify ERV variants whose genotypes are associated with ME using whole-
genome sequencing data. These analyses will produce genome-wide distinct ERV genotypes, and, for the first
time, allow for identification of ME-associated individual ERVs and related genes. Upon completion of these
two Aims, we will know whether ERVs and ME are linked at the transcriptomic and/or genomic level.
Elucidating ERVs as risk factors in ME may lead to breakthroughs in ME treatment, such as repurposing
existing FDA-approved anti-retroviral drugs which may reverse ERV effects.

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 10888595
- **Project number:** 7R21AI159710-04
- **Recipient organization:** TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIS CENTER
- **Principal Investigator:** Dawei Li
- **Activity code:** R21 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2022
- **Award amount:** $220,001
- **Award type:** 7
- **Project period:** 2021-01-19 → 2024-04-30

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10888595

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 10888595, Endogenous retrovirus analyses in myalgic encephalomyelitis (7R21AI159710-04). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-24 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/10888595. Licensed CC0.

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