Project Abstract NEUFIN (Neuroscience in First Nations) is a unique advanced research training and mentoring program focused on the indigenous minorities of South America, one of the most underserved populations in the globe. Over the past five years we completed two cycles of advanced training -in the context of an international master of science degree - and capacity development, for scholars and faculty of First Nations from Bolivia, Peru and Argentina. We will continue to build capacity and train Quechua neuroscientists on clinical research applications of neuroimaging, genetics, epidemiology, neuropsychology and neuromodulation. We will also create personalized training environments and an innovation ecosystem online to support capacity and career development for Quechua neuroscientists after completion of their initial degree. The Training Program consists of the following components: 1. Graduate Program in Neuroscience for First Nations to train Quechua speaking scientists for multidisciplinary research studies in clinical and translational neurosciences, epidemiology, imaging, and genetics research. Support includes 24-month scholarships and tuition towards a Master of Sciences in Neuroscience based at Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, but including mentored research rotations at University of Texas Health San Antonio, Harvard Medical School or Washington University School of Medicine, and for three semesters at South American institutions. Funds will be available for pilot and reinsertion small grants after graduation. Mentorship and initial work towards enrollment in a PhD at University of Buenos Aires will be supported as well. 2. Ecosystem of Innovation in First Nations to provide a personalized learning, training and mentoring environment for a diverse group of scientists, focused on precision and personalized medicine approaches to neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases in First Nations. Scholars will continue fruitful participation and development of their research capacity after graduation taking full advantage of online resources, tools and interpersonal connectivity. NEUFIN provides an ecosystem for advanced learning, innovation, collaboration and implementation of translational research in chronic brain disorders, bringing together clinicians and researchers from multiple partner institutions. NEUFIN will follow the described model by building an ecology of innovation with a strong focus on translational and personalized medicine strategies through open and dynamic learning conversations inside and outside the group through regular seminar series and the Fall Research Institute, and with a strong incentive and recognition system based on funding for pilot studies. 3. To ensure recruitment of trainees from multiple Andean communities in three different countries, who will remain as researchers in their home institutions we will implement several intersecting strategies. 4. To interact with other Fogarty Training Pro...