# SCH: Al-driven Flexible Electronics for Cardiac Organoid Maturation

> **NIH NIH R01** · HARVARD UNIVERSITY · 2024 · $259,998

## Abstract

The ability to control and monitor the maturation of human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived 
tissues is critical for tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, pharmacology, and synthetic biology. This 
proposal presents an artificial intelligence (Al)-driven "cyborg tissue" platform that integrates tissue-like 
flexible electronic sensors and actuators with developing tissues and provides multimodal recording and 
control. Machine learning-based mathematical models will be built to integrate the data and tissue 
maturation status readout through the in situ single-cell RNA sequencing. This closed-loop system will 
control the tissue-wide distributed electrical actuations to promote tissue development. The aim is to use 
hiPSC-derived cardiac organoids as a model system to demonstrate that this Al-driven cyborg tissue 
platform can improve the maturation and eliminate the variations in patient-specific hiPSC-derived tissue 
samples. 
Specifically, flexible and stretchable mesh nanoelectronics with miniaturized multifunctional sensors and 
electrical stimulators will be fully implanted, integrated, and distributed across the entire three-dimensional 
(3D) volume of organoids for continuous, multiplexed sensing and actuation. Additionally, in situ 
electro-sequencing will be used to combine spatially resolved single-cell molecular phenotypes with the 
functional readouts from the electronics. A statistical learning architecture will be developed for modeling, 
testing, and interpreting multimodal electrical activities, mechanical contractile, gene regulatory, and 
signaling networks to determine the functional maturation of the organoids. Finally, a feedback control 
system will be implemented for real-time experimental design enhancement, electrical stimulation 
optimization, and model refinement to improve the functional maturation of cardiac organoids. 
The success of this work will potentially provide an improved mechanistic understanding of how genetic, 
molecular, electrical, and mechanical processes regulate the maturation of the hiPSC-derived cardiac 
organoids and establish an Al-controlled bioelectronics system to sense and control the functional 
maturation of hiPSC-derived cardiac organoids for various regenerative medicine and pharmacological applications. The technology is likely to be generalizable to help scientists understand the maturation and 
functions of virtually any kind of developing tissue and organoid systems and even in vivo systems. This 
proposed research will combine AI, machine learning, computational biology, biomedical informatics and 
multimodal cell data to advance stem cell maturation and enable new data-driven discovery, which aligns with 
the mission of the National Library of Medicine.

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 10892985
- **Project number:** 5R01LM014465-02
- **Recipient organization:** HARVARD UNIVERSITY
- **Principal Investigator:** Jie Ding
- **Activity code:** R01 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2024
- **Award amount:** $259,998
- **Award type:** 5
- **Project period:** 2023-08-01 → 2027-04-30

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10892985

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 10892985, SCH: Al-driven Flexible Electronics for Cardiac Organoid Maturation (5R01LM014465-02). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-23 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/10892985. Licensed CC0.

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