PROJECT SUMMARY Rapid developments in neuroscientific approaches, technologies, and analytics to understand the pathophysiology and treatment of mental illnesses have resulted in major advances that serve as a strong base toward the translation of cutting-edge research into personalized treatments for psychiatric conditions. In order to best leverage these advances, it is imperative that the next generation of researchers in psychiatry receive focused training that integrates translational research with clinical training. Psychiatric training programs that provide this focus, in conjunction with dedicated research time, and leadership and related skill development, are greatly needed. While there is concern in the field of a profound shortage of physician- scientists being trained, there is also reason for optimism, in that the number of MD/PhD medical school graduates applying for psychiatric residencies has increased. Our clinical and translational research training program, Translational Research Activities In Neuropsychiatry (TRAIN) is designed to provide exceptional training and mentoring to psychiatry residents with the express goal of generating clinical and translational researchers in psychiatry who will go on to become independent physician-scientists. This program focuses on the relationship between disruptions in underlying genetics and neurobiology and how they relate to adaptive behavior, as in the NIMH Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework, as well as the emergence of biomarkers that can inform clinical care. The TRAIN program harnesses the expertise and processes our faculty employ to bridge existing gaps in the field. This includes focused work and expertise in critical content areas, populations, and settings, as well as the use of approaches that span all ranges of translational science from the bench to the community. Our structured program provides an exceptional mentoring plan with experiential opportunities to participating residents coupled with timely didactics. The TRAIN program is specifically designed to train the next generation of researchers so that they can translate neuroscience and genetics research into advancements of our understanding of a wide range of mental health problems and treatments. TRAIN facilitates team science mentoring and training that is needed for translational research, with an emphasis on productivity through the conduct of a mentored research project, as well as deliverables such as networking and development of funding proposals to equip trainees for their next steps in training and academic research. TRAIN also focuses on wellness and guarding against burnout to encourage early adoption of self-care and enhance resilience.