# Oral transmission of KSHV using rhesus macaque rhadinovirus model

> **NIH NIH R01** · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · 2024 · $791,132

## Abstract

SUMMARY
The long-term goals and objectives of this proposal is to investigate host and virological factors associated with
oral transmission of Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) utilizing the closely related rhesus
macaque rhadinovirus (RRV) infection of rhesus macaques (RM) model that parallels KSHV infection and
pathogenicity in humans. Like KSHV, RRV is a gamma-2 herpesvirus that is closely related to KSHV at the
genomic level, possessing essentially collinear genome organization. Pathologically, RRV closely resembles
KSHV, as we have shown that intravenous (iv) inoculation of RRV can induce KSHV-like disease manifestations
in RM co-infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). Similarly, RM are infected with RRV early in life,
within the first 2 years, implying RRV infection mimics KSHV infection in children living in sub-Saharan Africa,
where KSHV is acquired early in life. Here, we will determine whether RRV can cross the oral mucosa to establish
infection, and identify the in vivo conditions necessary. These first of kind studies for RRV will be performed in
parallel with in vitro studies to interrogate viral glycoprotein receptor(s) density and cell types expressing the
receptor(s) in different regions of the oral cavity, as a means to define the mechanism for transmission. Lastly,
as we have created an infectious and pathogenic bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clone of wild type RRV
(WT-RRVBAC) that provides a molecular genetic system to interrogate viral factors that are necessary for
infection, we will undertake a molecular approach to interrogate viral encoded factors that facilitate KSHV
infection across the oral mucosa. Specifically, we hypothesize that RRV envelope glycoproteins gB, gH, gL, gM
and potentially gR8.1 are necessary for binding to receptors on susceptible cells and that KSHV glycoproteins
gB, gH, gL, gM and gK8.1 can functionally substitute for RRV glycoprotein homologues. Hence, establishing this
chimeric virus system will enable researchers and vaccinologists, the ability to target the viral glycoproteins for
vaccine approaches in a nonhuman primate (NHP) model.

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 10902086
- **Project number:** 5R01CA275042-03
- **Recipient organization:** OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY
- **Principal Investigator:** SCOTT W WONG
- **Activity code:** R01 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2024
- **Award amount:** $791,132
- **Award type:** 5
- **Project period:** 2022-09-01 → 2027-08-31

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10902086

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 10902086, Oral transmission of KSHV using rhesus macaque rhadinovirus model (5R01CA275042-03). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-25 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/10902086. Licensed CC0.

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