Abstract Text This application requests support for continuation of a rigorous predoctoral Training Program that focuses on the molecular analysis of microbial pathogens. Experimental research training is the primary focus of this Program. A key and complementary component of the Training Plan is the requirement for Ph.D. students to have exposure to problems in clinical medicine through participation in an intensive summer course in infectious diseases that involves clinical rounds. The training program is designed to provide students with the tools to become independent research scientists in academia or industry while in parallel providing a deep understanding of current problems in clinical infectious diseases as well as training in the important principles of reproducibility and rigor. The Training Program is a track within the interdepartmental Graduate Program in Molecular Microbiology and draws faculty members from the Departments of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Immunology, Chemistry and Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology. All investigators have a common interest in pathogenic microorganisms or their restriction. The varied research interests of the group include: a) bacterial pathogenesis, including the study of colonization, intracellular growth and development of tools to study microbial genes expressed during animal infections; b) viral pathogenesis and replication; c) viral persistence and oncogenesis; d) viral gene expression; e) structure and function of viral entry proteins; f) pathogen evolution during disease; g) antimicrobial resistance; h) development of novel anti-parasitic and anti-fungal strategies; i) protein secretion and the analysis of yeast, parasite and bacterial surfaces; and j) global regulation of gene expression and cell growth in microbial model systems; k) mouse models of innate immunity; and l) microbial interaction with effectors of acquired immunity. The members of this Program use genetic, cell biological, biophysical and biochemical strategies to analyze microbial pathogens, as well as animal infection models. This Training Program has a long history of having a strong collaborative spirit of learning and research among faculty and students. Recruitment and admission strategies have been highly successful. The overwhelming majority of Ph.D. graduates supported by this Training Program are currently employed in research positions in academics and industry. The Program is overseen by the Training Committee, a group of internationally recognized scientists who participate in the graduate education of all trainees that is subject to external review as well as oversight by a committee. The application is for five years of support for 5 predoctoral trainee positions per year. Trainees are chosen by a rigorous selection process and are supported, on average, for 2 years, beginning in their second or third year of graduate training.