# SMAD5 signaling in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

> **NIH NIH R21** · BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE · 2024 · $240,000

## Abstract

PROJECT SUMMARY
 It is generally accepted that there is a link between a woman’s reproductive and overall health. Following
menopause, women are at an increased risk for developing diseases including cardiovascular disease, cancer,
bone loss, cognitive disorders, and genitourinary dysfunction. Some diseases, such as polycystic ovary
syndrome (PCOS), demonstrate a direct link between reproductive and overall health through the presence of
both reproductive and non-reproductive phenotypes, including increased risk for infertility, obesity, diabetes, and
cardiovascular disease. The relationship between ovarian dysfunction and non-reproductive disease in PCOS is
complex - in part due to the altered hormonal environment related to pathologic ovarian follicle development.
Much of the disease has been attributed to excess androgen production, but some studies indicate that the
higher circulating levels of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and inhibin B produced from the overabundant small
ovarian follicles may also contribute to PCOS. However, the cause-and-effect relationship between reproductive
and non-reproductive PCOS phenotypes is not fully understood. We have designed this exploratory R21 study
to fill this knowledge gap based on a newly discovered SMAD variant in a PCOS patient and her PCOS daughter
identified through the NIH-funded Rare and Atypical Diabetes Network (RADIANT) at Baylor College of Medicine.
These clinical and genomic data provide us the unique opportunity to analyze the role of altered TGFβ
superfamily signaling in driving ovarian defects and dysregulating metabolism. Structural studies and preliminary
data indicate that this rare variant is damaging and thus supports a hypothesis that altered TGFβ superfamily
member signaling has the potential to play a causal role in a subset of PCOS. These studies leverage our
published expertise in SMAD signaling and mouse models alongside cutting-edge proteomic analysis and
comprehensive phenotyping resources developed by the NIH-funded Knockout Mouse Phenotyping (KOMP)
Program at Baylor College of Medicine. Our two aims propose a broad biochemical analysis to determine how
this variant alters canonical and noncanonical SMAD properties, and identify the causal underpinnings of
reproductive and non-reproductive disease phenotypes in PCOS that emerge from defective SMAD signaling.
Thus, by studying this variant, we can uncover new mechanisms leading to PCOS outcomes as well as uncover
novel links between infertility and overall health, both of which may serve to broaden the range of pathways for
therapeutic targeting.

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 10975693
- **Project number:** 1R21HD116116-01
- **Recipient organization:** BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
- **Principal Investigator:** STEPHANIE A. PANGAS
- **Activity code:** R21 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2024
- **Award amount:** $240,000
- **Award type:** 1
- **Project period:** 2024-08-01 → 2026-07-31

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10975693

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 10975693, SMAD5 signaling in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (1R21HD116116-01). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-24 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/10975693. Licensed CC0.

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